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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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List LFT's
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Function - serum albumin, INR, bilirubin Markers - ALT, AST, ALP, GGT |
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Albumin - marker of
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Albumin half-life --> 14 days Albumin decreases in chronic liver disease due to (1) decreased production, (2) decreased concentration in volume |
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Define INR and what it is testing?
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International normalised ratio a.k.a pro-thrombin time Extrinsic pathway of coagulation |
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Hepatic liver markers
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ALT - alanine-aminotransferase that results in pyruvate production (hepatocytes), AST - aspartate-aminotransferase results in oxaloacetate production (cardiac, hepatocytes)
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ALP
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Alkaline phosphatase - found within biliary canaliculi and sinusoidal cell membranes
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Causes of ALP++
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(1) intra-hepatic biliary obstruction, (2) extra-hepatic biliary obstruction, (3) sinusoidal obstruction from infiltrative liver disease
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GGT
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gamma-Glutamate aminotransferase - microsomal enzyme found in hepatocytes and lining small bile ducts GGT rises by itself in: alcohol, barbiturates, carbamazepine, INH, RIF, phenytoin |
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Markers: Cholestatic or Obstructive pattern
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ALP++ & GGT++, AST+ & ALT+
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Alcoholism - Markers & FBC
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GGT++ & macrocytosis
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Portal Hypertension - WCC
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Leucopenia
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Hypersplenism - WCC
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Leucopenia
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Alcoholic hepatitis - WCC
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Leukocytosis
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Cholangitis - WCC
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Leukocytosis
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Thrombocytopenia cause
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Cirrhosis - thrombopoetin is made by the liver. Platelet production decreases.
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via hypersplenism and platelet breakdown
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Thrombocytosis cause
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Active GIT haemorrhage rarely, HCC |
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Rx - Vitamin K
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Vit K uptake disease Do not give to liver parenchymal disease |
Will Vit K work in Rx Sx? |
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Chronic Liver disease - DDx
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Infxn - Hep B surface Ag, Hep C IgG. Liver autoAb - anti-nuclear, anti-SM, anti-mitochondrial Immunoglobulin - (haemocromatosis) ferritin, Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, caeruloplasmin (Wilsons) |
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Hep A and B - Liver Marker
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AST >1000 U/L
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