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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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white noise
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equal amplitude per frequency, 3db increase of energy per octave
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pink noise
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equal energy per octave
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popcorn noise
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happens on things that are not properly maintained
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Harmonic Distortion
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only happens in a weak passive system
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Dynamic Range
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difference in db between noise floor and system maximum output before distortion
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Headroom
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difference in db between softest and the loudest mix before distortion
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advantage of Horns vs Radiators
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-more efficient due to the natural compression in the throat
-total control over the directional pattern of the signal |
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stationary magnetic field
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result of voice coil surrounded by the magnet
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secondary magnetic field
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result of amplifier output thru the speaker terminal
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transduction in a driver
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transduction in a driver is a result of the interaction between the stationary and secondary magnetic field
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voice coil
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flat cable wrapped around the former
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former
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chemically treated paper that is heat resistant
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magnet
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donut shaped and fitted with two steel plates
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pole piece
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steel rod inserted in the donut
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gap
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space between magnet + pole piece
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dome
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dust cover over the gap
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spider
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attach voice coil to the cone and dome. allows easy suspension for the voice coil movement inside the gap
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cone
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attaches to basket, actual and physical shape of driver
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speaker specs
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1. frequency response---components ability to produce an output signal
2. power handling----how much power a speaker can handle 3. sensitivity 4. impedence |
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state of tolarance
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ability of speaker to produce the intended frequency response
state of tolarance: speaker---+- 3db amp----+- 1db |
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power handling
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-continuous rating-----low level signal to speaker for long time to determine how well the speaker/voice coil can handle
-program rating-----represent actual program including silent moments used to match amps -peak rating------loud signal to speaker for no more than 1/10th of a sec. |
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sensitivity
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1 watt @ 1 meter
1 watt @ 4 feet 1 milli watt @ 30 feet |
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impedence
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total opposition to the flow of electrons in an ac circuit
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resistance
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total opposition to the flow of electrons in a dc circuit
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3 types of impedence
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-source impedence---that of amplifiers(never changes)
-load impedence------that of the speaker(always changes) -nominal impedence-----lowest amount of impedence the speaker will present to the amp |
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benefits of having an enclosure
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stop wind from pushing behind the driver, stop frequencies from cancelling each other out
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transducer
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lets you switch between two different types of energy
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an increase in current will result in an increase of voltage and a decrease in
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impedence
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flow of electrons is proportional to?
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voltage, and inversely proporional to impedence
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an increase in watts will result
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in an increase of current and voltage
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power is proportional to
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voltage and current
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double the power------
double the impedence------ |
----lose impedence
----half the power |
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bridge
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a term for mono, + of channels goes to positive of speaker, if we bridge the amp, the other positive works as a negative into a speaker
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Active crossover
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is active, has pre amps, very low level signal, cost effective
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Passive Crossover
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is passive, post amplifier, very high level signal
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insertion loss
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loss of no more than 1db of signal due to heat of fundemental electroni components in a passive crossover
1db=21 watts |
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on any cross over the cut off frequency point is
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3db down from the flat range
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slope
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the rate at which the frequency to its intended driver will start to gradually fall after the crossover point. slope is always measured in db/octave
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