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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
RS
Connecting |
Make connections between what you are reading and your own life, the world around you, or other selections that you have read.
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Setting a Purpose for Reading |
Before you read, decide what you hope to get out of reading a text.
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Activating Prior Knowledge |
Before you read a text recall what you already know about the people, places, or events in a text.
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Identifying Author's Purpose |
Think about why the author wrote the selection. Author purposes include to persuade (convince a reader of something), to inform (to provide information), to entertain (to elicit an emotional reaction from the reader), and to express (to convey a feeling).
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LE
Speaker |
The narrator of a poem is called a speaker.
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Narrator |
The character or voice telling the story.
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Description |
Vivid details in a story that enliven writing. Creates imagery for a reader.
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Imagery |
language that helps the reader picture what is being described in the story. Imagery can appeal to a reader's sense of hearing, touch, taste, smell, and sight.
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Point of View |
The attitude or outlook of the narrator of the story.
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1st person Point of View |
a character in the story narrates what is happening in the story. Look for the key word "I" to identify this point of view.
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2nd person Point of View |
the story uses the word "You" often. The narrator writes as if "you" are doing the action in the story. Example: You walk up the stairs for the fourth time that day.
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3rd person Point of View |
The narrator is not a character in the story. He/she is outside of the story looking in at the action and telling the reader about it.
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3rd Person Limited Point of View |
the narrator telling the story is not a character in the story. He/she tells the reader about only ONE character's thoughts.
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3rd Person Omniscient |
the narrator telling a story is not a character in the story. He/she tells the reader about MULTIPLE characters' thoughts.
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Tone |
The attitude of the WRITER toward the subject he or she is writing about. Usually described using one emotion word such as: serious, humorous, hopeful
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Cultural Reference |
mention of a value, belief, or custom important to a particular community.
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Dialect |
a variation of a certain language based on where it is spoken. Dialect consists of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar differences. Writers indicate dialect through punctuation, spelling, and word choice.
example: "Sho'ly she knows." or "Y'all." |
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Comprehension |
Understanding what you have read.
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Script |
the written version of a play.
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WS
Context Clues |
using context clues means you use the nearby words and sentences to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word.
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LE
Character |
a person that takes part in the action of the story. (If it is an animal it displays human traits).
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Title |
the name of a story. Purpose: 1) lets the reader know what the text is about. 2) captures the reader's attention. 3) intoduces the main idea a the selection.
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Subhead |
nonfiction selections often contain these. They divide the article into sections and give the reader a preview of what the section will be about.
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Genre
Autobiography |
the story of a person's life written by his/herself.
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Genre
Biography |
the story of a person's life written by another person.
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WS
Synonyms |
words that mean the same or almost the same thing.
happy/glad |
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Antonyms |
words that have opposite meanings.
love/hate |
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LE
Dialogue |
conversation between characters in a liteary work.
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Text Features |
Examples include titles, subheads, bullets, numbered lists, charts, graphs, boldface, and italic type.
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Chronological Order |
a type of text sequence or structure in which the ideas in the text are in TIME ORDER. Events are told in order from the beginning to end.
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Spatial Order |
a type of text sequence in which the ideas are organized in a way that could be followed on a map.
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Order of Importance |
a type of text sequence where the ideas are organized going from the most to least important or least to most important.
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Genre |
a type of writing such as fantasy, autobiography, newspaper article.
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Anecdote |
an anecdote is a special type of short story that tells about one single event. These are usually biographical and reveal some aspect of a person's character.
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Flashback |
a part of a story where the action is interrupted to describe a scene that took place at an earlier time. often used to give the reader background
information. |
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Conflict |
a conflict is a struggle between two forces in a story. Common conflicts include: Person vs. Person, Person vs. Nature, Person vs. Society, Person vs. Fate.
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Idiom |
an idiom is a phrase or saying that cannot be taken literally because its meaning is different than what the actual words say.
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Genre
Folktale |
a story that has been passed down orally from one generation to the next before being written down.
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Genre
Legend |
stories about heros and extraordianry events. Most legends are based on facts, but the facts have become extremely exaggerated over time.
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Genre
Cautionary Tale |
a story in which people are punished for breaking rules or misbehaving.
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Genre
Myth |
an ancient story about gods, goddesses, or other supernatual beings and their influence on people and nature.
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RS
Analyzing |
identifying the literary elements that an author uses in a story then thinking about their relationship to one another.
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Inferencing |
using your knowledge and experience to figure out something that is not stated in the story.
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Predicting |
making a guess about what will happen next in a story based on what you have already read.
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Comparing and Contrasting |
noting how things are alike and different.
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Protagonist |
the main character in a story around whom the action is centered.
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Antagonist |
the character or force that stands in the way of the protagonist solving a conflict.
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Plot |
the sum of the events that happen in a story. The storyline.
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Theme |
a lesson about life that a reader can take away from a story. Sometimes referred to as the main idea of the story.
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Genre
Fable |
a story that teaches a moral or lesson and frequently involves animals.
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Setting |
the world of the story. Setting includes time, place, customs, types of clothing, ways of speaking, ect.
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Attention Getting Device |
an interesting opener to a story. It creates interest in a story.
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Genre
Narrative Poem and Ballad |
a narrative poem is a poem that tells a story. A ballad is a special type of narrative poem that has rhythm and rhyme.
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Mood |
the feeling the reader is supposed to get while reading a story. Described with one emotion word: serious, thankful, anxious, excited.
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Exposition |
PART OF PLOT- the introduction to the story. During the expostion the reader learns about the basic setting and meets some of the characters.
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Rising Action |
PART OF PLOT- the part of the story where the characters try to solve conflicts. The tension builds.
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Climax |
PART OF PLOT- the climax of the story is the part of the story that is the turning point or where the main conflict is solved for better or for worse.
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Falling Action |
PART OF PLOT-the "wrap up" of the story. All of the events that happen after the climax of the story are part of the falling action.
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Resolution |
PART OF PLOT-the final conclusion of the story. This comes after the falling action.
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Internal Conflict |
a emotional or psychological problem that takes place inside a character's mind.
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External Conflict |
a problem a character faces against another character or force such as nature.
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symbol |
an object that has deeper meaning. If an object is mentioned often or seems important in a story it may be this.
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Author's Style |
the special or notable characteristics that a specific author uses in his or her writing.
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Genre
Fiction |
a story that is made up or about "fake" characters and events.
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Genre
Non-fiction |
factual writing about real people or events.
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Simile |
a comparison using like or as between two different things that have some common characteristics.
Example: The girls wearing their prom dresses looked like a swarm of butterflies. |
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Metaphor |
a comparison (NOT using like or as) between two different things that have common characteristics.
Example: The girls wearing their prom dresses were a swarm of butterflies. |
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Repetition |
writing a word or phrase more than once in a text.
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Alliteration |
repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of word.
Example: Sally was selling puppies. S is repeated |
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RS
Previewing |
looking over a text before reading it.
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Skimming and Scanning |
skimming is glancing over the whole text to get a general ideas about the text. Scanning is looking for a specific piece of information in a text.
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Identifying Main Idea |
identifying this means deciding the most important idea in a text.
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Identifying Supporting Details |
these tell more about the main idea. They support the main idea.
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Evidence |
facts, statistics, expert opinion, results of studies, or other details that an author uses to support his/her ideas.
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Irony |
Three types-
verbal-sarcasm dramatic-the reader knows something that a character doesn't situational-when an unexpected outcome to an event occurs. |
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Bias |
when a writer's personal opinion is reflected in his/her writing.
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Genre
Epistolary Poem |
a poem that is written in the form of a letter (as in the type you send to someone).
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Hyperbole |
a type of figurative language that is a huge exaggeration.
Example: My teacher gives 3000 pages of homework per week! |
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Identifying Text Structure |
when a reader decides how a text's ideas are organized. Examples: Chronological Order, Cause/Effect, Problem/Solution, and Compare/Contrast.
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Cause/Effect Text Structure |
a text that presents ideas about a cause and an effect. Example: cause-playing too many violent video games, effect-violent or aggressive behavior in teens.
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Problem/Solution Text Structure |
a text that presents a problem that needs to be solved and then presents solutions for solving that problem.
Example: Problem-People are producing too much garbage. Solutions-recycling |
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Compare/contrast Text Structure |
a text that tells how things are alike and different.
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Genre
Science Fiction |
a type of writing that imagines how advances in science and technology might affect people's lives.
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Homophones |
words that sound alike but are spelled differently. These words also have different meanings.
Hair/hare, bear/bare, weather/whether |
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Flat Character |
a character that is not described in depth. These characters only have 1-2 characteristics in a story and generally do not play an important role.
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Round Character |
a character that is well developed and described in a story is called this. Generally they play an important role in the story.
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Static Character |
a character that does not change or learn any lesson though the course of the story.
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Dynamic Character |
a character that changes or learns a lesson in a story.
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Allusion |
a reference to a well-known event, person, or other text in a story.
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Genre
Tragedy |
in this type of story the main character suffers a downfall or death caused by his or her own personal weakness.
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Suspense |
when a text gets exciting and makes a reader anxious to read on to discover what will happen next.
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Evaluating |
make a judgement or form an opinion about what you read.
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Interpreting |
when you the reader decides what the events or ideas in a selection mean.
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Monitoring Comprehension |
pausing from time to time to decide if you are understanding the story.
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Genre
Free Verse |
a type of poem that does not follow rules for rhyme (may or may not rhyme) or rhythm. Usually sounds conversational.
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Rhyme |
the repetition of sounds at the usually at the end of lines.
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Examples |
this is a statement that explains or illustrates something that the writer is talking about.
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Genre
Lyrics |
words that are set to music
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Genre
Instructions |
explanations about how to perform a process.
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Personification |
when a non-human object is given human qualities.
Example: The cat looked at me and said, "I am hungry." The alarm clock screamed at me. |
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Characterization |
how an author develops a character's personality. Five major types-appearance, thoughts, speech, actions, and what other characters say.
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Questioning |
asking yourself the 5W's or other questions about what you read.
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Direct Quotations |
when a non-fiction author tells exactly what other people have said. Indicated by " "
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Genre
Magazine Article |
a piece of writing found in a magazine. These are usually non-fiction, but not always pure fact.
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Poetic License |
when poets do not follow grammar, punctuation, usage, and pronunciation rules.
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Surprise Ending |
when the story ends differently than what the reader expects.
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Genre
Informational Text |
a text that gives information about a person or topic.
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Visualizing |
imagining the characters, ideas, and events in your mind as you read.
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Genre
Drama |
a type of writing that is meant to be presented by actors/actresses.
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Act and Scene |
major divisions of a play. Scenes are divisions of an act.
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Monologue |
when a character makes an usually long solo speech.
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Stage Directions |
descriptions of the settings, characters, sounds, and actions in a play script.
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Comic Relief |
when something funny happens in the middle of a serious situation in a play, tv show, or story.
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Genre
Memoir |
a type of autobiographical writing usually about one specific event.
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Genre
Poetry |
a type of writing that is organized into lines and stanzas. Word choice is very important in poetry. Words are chosen by both meaning and sound.
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Reviewing |
going over what you have already read to remind yourself about important ideas.
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Clarifying |
reread confusing parts of a story or text to be sure that you understand them.
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Persuasive Appeals |
methods author's use to convince readers of something.
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Faulty Reasoning |
reasoning that is incorrect and therefore leads to incorrect conclusions.
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Genre
Elegy |
A type of poem that honors someone who had died.
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Foreshadowing |
clues in used to prepare readers about what will happen later in a story.
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Genre
Historical Fiction |
a story that involves many details from a certain time in history.
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Genre
Realistic Fiction |
a story that is fiction, but sounds as if it could really happen in current times.
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Genre
Journal or Diary |
a type of text where someone writes about day-to-day events, ideas, thoughts.
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Genre
Lyric Poetry |
a short poem that expresses a strong personal feeling about a subject or event.
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Genre
Ode |
a poem that celebrates a subject by telling all of the great features of that subject.
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