Literary Criticism

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Literary Criticism

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is the evaluation, analysis, description, orinterpretation of literary works

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Critique

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means to critically evaluate, analyze or givecareful judgment in which you give youropinion about a literary work.

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Formalist Approach / Formalism

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analyzes the work as a whole, the form of eachindividual part of the text from the individual scenesand chapters, the characters, the settings,the tone, thepoint of view, the theme, and all other literaryelements and devices such as imagery

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CHARACTER

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It is a person, animal, being ,creature or anythingpersonified in a story

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SETTING

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It is not only the place and time a story takes place butalso includes the atmosphere.

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TONE

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It is the overall emotion conveyed by both the choices ofwords, theme, sensory images, symbolism and thenarrator of the story such as suspenseful, affectionate,happy or sad

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POINT OF VIEW

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It answers the question “Who is telling the story?”

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THEME

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It is the author’s message tothe reader

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IMAGERY

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It consists of descriptive languageto create images in the mind of thereaders through their senses

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Structure/ form

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It scrutinizes the plot(chronologicalsequence) and theconflict in a story.

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Structuralist Approach

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method of interpreting and analyzing a literarypiece that focuses on contrasting ideas and show howthey relate to the whole structure.

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Structuralism

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depends on how the reader views the meaningon the text base on his /her understanding,

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Feminist criticism

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is a form of literary criticismthat's based on feminist theories

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5 Steps in Critiquing SelectionusingFeminism Approach

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Read, Thesis, Research, Support, Edit

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Feminism

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asks us toconsider the relationships betweenmen and women and their relativeroles in society.

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thesis

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is a road map for the paper —it tells the reader what to expect.

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moralistic approach

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focuses individuals, couples, families, andprofessionals on a moralistic definition of relationship, life, and familyprocesses that presumes a moral ascendancy of one value system over others.

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Moralist Criticism

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judges the value ofthe literature based on its moral lessons or ethical teachings.

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Marxist

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focuses on how literary works are products of the economic andideological determinants specific to that era.

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Marxism Theory originates from the works of 19th-centuryGerman philosophers ____ and ____

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Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

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Karl Heinrich Marx

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wasa German political thinker who wrote about economics and politics

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Marxism

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is a social, political, and economic theory originated by Karl Marx, whichfocuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. He believedthat this conflict would ultimately lead to a revolution in which

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New Historicism

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aim is to understand text through their cultural context and to understand history through literary works

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Reader Response

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points our the importance of reader's role in interpreting text

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3 Different Kinds of Readers

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1. Character - Action - Moral style2. Diggers for Secrets3. Anthropologists

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Character-Action-Moral Style

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readers who treat literature as compatible with their life experiences

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Diggers for Secrets

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readers who find hidden messages in literature

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Anthropologists

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readers who analyze cultural patterns, norms, and values

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Louise Rosenblatt

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who stated that "the reading of any work of literature is, of necessity, and individual and unique occurrence involving the mind and emotions of some particular reader and a particular text a particular time under particular circumstances"