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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First important Russian composer
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Glinka
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How did Glinka compose?
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Used national themes, folk imitations and quotations
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Russian venue for music. What type of music did they perform.
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Mariinsky Theater, Ballet and opera
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Pro-Western group was lead by:
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Rubinstein
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Leader of Kuchka and members
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Balakirev, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov
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Who created the Kuchka
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Stasov
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Kuchka members are considered?
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Xenophobic, purists, slavonic nationalists
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And example of realism in Russia
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Sunless, Within Four Walls 1874
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Pro Western members are considered:
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Cosmopolitan Russian nationalists
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Stories in ballet
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Scenarios
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One dancer performing in ballet
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Variation
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The Moldau comes from
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Ma Vlast, cycle of 6 symphonic poems
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Who was Dvorak's mentor?
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Brahms
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Who was Smetana's mentor?
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Liszt
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Salvonic Dances incorporates what types of dance?
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Furiant
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Symphony Dvorak wrote in America
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Symphony no. 9 in E Minor
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Where Dvorak was hired in America
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U.S. National Conservatory of Music, artistic director
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How many acts are in Carmen
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4
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Who wrote the libretto for Carmen
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Meilhac, Halevy
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What type of Dialogue is in Carmen
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Spoken
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Where was Carmen premiered
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Opera Comique
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Who took Carmen to Viennad
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Guiraud
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What was different about the Viennese Carmen?
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grand opera, recitative, ballet
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What group was formed that was inspired by Carmen?
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Verismo
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What was the subject of Verismo
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Realism
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Important war
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Franco-Prussian War
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Results of Franco-Prussian war
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3rd Republic, unification of German lands, National Society for Music
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What did the National Society For Music promote?
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Non-operatic French composers
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Mahlers career
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conducting
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Where did Mahler conduct?
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Director of the Opera in Vienna, Metropolitan Opera (NY), Philharmonic Opera (NY)
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Mahler's song qualities
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Orchestral accompaniment, The Youth's Magical Horn - German folk poems
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Symphony Qualities
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Wagner- orchestra, Beethoven- added voices, Liszt- long one movement works, free form, did not like overtly programmatic works
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Alma Mahler studied with...
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Zemlinsky
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Hugo Wolf was also a
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Critic
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Song qualities
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Called them poems, unresolved dissonances, psychological approach, accompaniments - orchestral like, evasion of cadence, motivic, chromatic, free form
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How many operas did Strauss write and in what genre
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15 operas, music drama
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Strauss was also...
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A critic
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Who controlled every aspect of Operas in Italy?
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Impresario
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Venue where operas were performed in Italy
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La Scala
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The Milan firm that created new operatic works?
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Ricordi
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Starting in the 1880's La Scala
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Started performing foreign and past works
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Artistic director and principal conductor at La Scala
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Toscanini
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Toscanini specialized in...
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Wagnerian operas, Verdi, Puccini
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Madama Butterfly is inspired by a story by
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Luther-long
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The libretto of Madama Butterfly is
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written by multiple people
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The emotional expression on Madama butterfly is
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In the voice
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Music in Madama Butterfly has
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Whole tone and pentatonic passages, traditional Italian music and newer elements of French and German music
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The Verismo began in
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Milan
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The Verismo qualities
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Short (usually one act), subject is lower class, small cast, operatic #'s blend together
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What was the first verismo opera
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Rustic Chivalry - Mascagni (Milan)
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The 20C is the first time native composers became popular in England since...
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Purcell
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The most successful English composer in the late 19C
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Sullivan
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Sullivan composted what and did what
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Operetta, Trial by Jury, composer and conductor at choir festivals
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Elgar was focused on what
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Chorus and orchestra, staunch Germanist
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The Enigma Variations characteristics
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Programmatic, compound melody, ternary form
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Williams' philosophy on music
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Music should sound English not German, no such thing as music being classic\forever admired by everyone
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Williams focused on (genre)
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Symphony
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What elements did Williams in corporate into his music
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English folksong and polyphony
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The leading figure in creating a new ballet
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choreographer
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The first ballerina to specialize in dancing en pointe
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Marie Taglioni
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An alto oboe that is used in Um Mitternacht
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oboe d'amore
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Name of Elgar's five orchestral marches
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Pomp and Circumstance
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Two melodic strands that exist simultaneously, who's notes touches alternately.
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Compound Melody
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Who was a church organist and choir master?
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Williams
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What hymnody collection did Williams help edit?
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the English Hymnal
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Who was knighted by King Edward VII
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Elgar
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What other orchestral piece did Williams write?
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Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis
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What did Williams incorporate in his music?
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English folksongs and English polyphony
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Another operatic success by Puccini
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La Boheme (accent over first e)
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The most prestigious musical institution in Berlin
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the Royal Opera
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Where was Puccini from?
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Milan
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Where was Strauss from?
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Berlin
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Unusual instruments found in Strauss' Salome
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Xylophone, heckelphone
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The seductive scene in Salome
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Dance of the Seven Veils
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A composer and stanch advocate in Wagner in Germany (Berlin) who published a polemic after Salome. Composer? polemic name?
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Draeseke "Confusion in Music"
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Subject of "Confusion in Music"
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called Strauss the leader in the "Cult of Ugly." Dismisses contemporary works.
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A great German music theorist that preferred Brahms over Wagner.
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Riemann
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What technique of Wagner's does Strauss build upon in his Salome?
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leitmotive
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The essay Strauss wrote in response to Draeseke
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"Is there a Progressive Faction in Music?"
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Who lead the Royal Opera at one point?
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Strauss
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The Russian conductor and piano virtuoso who founded orchestra concerts that served a mixed amount of new music from Russian and other Euro composers.
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Siloti
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Who performed at silotis orchestra concerts
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Schoenberg
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What was the society in which art-loving amateurs could perform new works? Where was it?
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Evenings of Contemporary Music, RUSSIA
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Who was an active member in Evenings of contemporary music?
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Stravinsky
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The famous Russian impresario that first wanted to study law who published several articles on Russian painting, founded an art journal, presented a series of art exhibitions, and who was keen on producing operas and ballets, and raising money for the arts in Russia.
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Diaghilev
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The art journal that Diaghilev founded in 1898
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World of Art
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The alliance of Russia, Britain and French formed
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Triple Entente
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Qualities of Diaghilev's Ballets Russes:
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Short, music could come from different sources. Brought back musical respectability to the genre.
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A choreographer from the Mariinsky theater that was dismayed by traditional ballet of his time. He thought that the scenario, mime, dancing, lighting, costume, etc. should be integrated into a unified dramatic image. Who was he? What did he believe in?
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Fokine, "total work of art"
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Stravinsky and Fokine worked on:
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The Firebird, Petrushka
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Who did Stravinsky take lessons with?
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Rimsky-Korsakov
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The composer that first studied law and who's works were supported by Diaghilev, who made him famous by presenting his works.
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Stravinksy
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What was Stravinsky' life like geographically?
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He settled in Switzerland, then France (became a leader of new thinking in modern music), America after WWII and settled in California.
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Stravinsky's third ballet for Diaghilev.
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The Rite of Spring
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Who thought that delving into national roots and the slavic subconsciousness was a way for the Russian artist to reach a higher reality.
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Stravinsky and the World of Art group.
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The choreographer for The Rite of Spring. Also a dancer
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Nijinsky
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How was The Rite of Spring consistent with Fokine's philosophy on ballet?
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It was not an artistic or stylized expression of Russian folklore but an authentic re-enactment of one.
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What did Stravinsky add to his score?
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Authentic and relevant folk melodies
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The prestigious musical institution in Vienna
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Musikverein
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Where did the Rite of Spring premier and what was the reaction?
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Paris, and uprising occurred.
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What two genres did the ROS fall into?
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ballet, independent orchestral tone poem
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The orchestra in ROS was..
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Very large and diverse, over 90 instruments
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The combination arising by a juxtaposition of familiar but unrelated harmonies is often called: Where is it used?
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polychord, Rite of Spring
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What event caused musical culture to changed profoundly
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The Russian Revolution
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People in St. Petersburg gradually drew their support to which faction lead by who
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Bolshevik, Lenin
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A Russian artist who was inspired by Schoenberg's music and created a painting called...
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Kandinsky, "impression"
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Schoenberg's term that referred to dissonant chords being able to appear freely, and enjoyed just as triads.
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Emancipation of Dissonance
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What Schoenberg's music is called
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Pantonal
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A new resource for modern music in which a succession of differing timbres could take on a structural role in a composition akin to that of a normal melody. Each tone or chord could have its own timbre.
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Tone-color melody (schoenberg)
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Three Piano Pieces op. 11 no.1 1909 genre
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character piece
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three piano pieces is and uses...
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pantonal, piano harmonics
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Pierrot Lunaire genre
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melodrama
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Pierrot Lunaire is...
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A collection of French poetry of the same title by Giraud
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An indefinite place between song and speech notated by an X
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Sprechgesang
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The term that describes the recurring three note motive heard in Nacht in Pierrot Lunaire.
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passacaglia
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when a recurring thematic figure is in the bass line
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basso ostinato
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