List 3

Front 1

Tropes

Back 1

D- Turning words away from their normal meaning, or turning them into something else.

A- A trope is used for artistic effect such as something like figure of speech.

E- (Hyperbole) He’s been here hundreds of times.

Front 2

Zoomorphism

Back 2

D- Applying animal characteristics to humans or gods.

A- Zoomorphism adds highlight to certain characteristics usually being related to the animal that something is compared to.

E- owls are usually designated as wise; foxes as cunning

E- “I have had a dream, past the wit of man to say what dream it was: man is but an ass, if he go about to expound this dream…” - A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare

Front 3

Allegory

Back 3

D- An extended metaphor in which characters and events represent underlying qualities or concepts.

A- Are typically used to convey meanings and messages the author has by hiding them behind the allegory.

E- John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of Christian salvation represented by the varied experiences of its Everyman hero; Aesop’s fables

E- The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis is a religious allegory with Aslan as Christ and Edmund as Judas.

Front 4

Truism

Back 4

D- A self-evident statement.

A- Used as a reminder or rhetorical literary device

E- “Under appropriate conditions, the sun rises.” or "All cats are mammals"

E- 'A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.'

Front 5

Catachresis

Back 5

D- A mixed metaphor (sometimes used by design and sometimes a rhetorical fault).

A- Used to create rhetorical effect and unique expression.

E- To take arms against a sea of troubles... – Shakespeare’s Hamlet

E- Mow the beard, Shave the grass, Pin the plank, Nail my sleeve…..

Front 6

Synesthesia

Back 6

D- Description of one kind of sense by using words that normally describe another.

A- Adds a sense of uniqueness and creativity in expressing ideas to the reader.

E- "As the blind man who said he supposed the color of scarlet was like the sound of a trumpet”In The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, Peter's voice is described as being "tired and pale in the darkness"

E- “In some melodious plot, Of beechen green, Singest of summer in full throated ease.”

Front 7

Euphemism

Back 7

D- Substitution of a less offensive or more agreeable term for another.

A- Helps writers convey what is usually social taboo into something that's more palpable and less uncomfortable.

E- "Fertilizer" for "manure" “passed away, passed on, gone south, etc” for “died”

E- You are becoming a little thin on top (bald).

Front 8

Rhetorical question

Back 8

D- Asking a question as a way of asserting something/ asking a question not for the sake of getting an answer but for asserting something.

A- Used to create interest in the reading of the piece as well as empowering the idea behind the piece.

E- “For if we lose the ability to perceive our faults, what is the good of living on?” -Marcus Aurelius

E- “If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not die? And if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?”

Front 9

Figurative

Back 9

D- Writing or speech not meant to be taken literally; an underlying or second meaning exists within the word or phrase- connotative.

A- Attempts to force the reader to see what the writer wants to express.

E- Most days, I think I’d rather surf shark infested waters than take another AP Exam.

E- Ah ! well a-day ! what evil looks. Had I from old and young! Instead of the cross, the Albatross. About my neck was hung.

Front 10

Hyperbole

Back 10

D- Use of exaggerated terms for emphasis.

A- Makes common feelings and effects larger and more intense. Helps catch the readers attention.

E- “To be an American is, unquestionably, to be the noblest, the grandest, the proudest mammalthat ever hoofed the verdure of God's green footstool”. - H. L. Mencken, "The Man Within"

E- I had to wait in the station for ten days-an eternity.

Front 11

Innuendo

Back 11

D- Innuendo - Having a hidden meaning in a sentence that makes sense whether it is detected or not

A- Typically used to entertain or uplift the reader but can be used as forms of passive/aggressive communication.

E- "Love has triumph in Romeo and Juliet" – Shakespeare

E- "John doesn't seem to understand quadratic equations at all, funny how he seems to get everything 100% correct every time"

Front 12

Litotes

Back 12

D- Emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by understating its importance.

A- Uses ironical understatement to get across a point or idea

E- "It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." - J.D. Salinger

E- Not too shabby!

Front 13

Personification

Back 13

D- Attributing a personality to some impersonal object aka – Anthropomorphism.

A- Gives a deeper meaning to a line of text as well as the element of imagery.

E- "Because I could not stop for Death--He kindly stopped for me—“ Emily Dickinson

E- “When well-appareled April on the heel

Of limping winter treads.”

Front 14

Allusion

Back 14

D- A reference to another work of literature, art, or source.

A- Allows writers or poets to simplify complex ideas or emotions by associating them with a reference the reader will understand.

E- “Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter” – T.S. Eliot reference to John the Baptist's head was presented to King Herod on a platter

E- "This place is like a Garden of Eden.”

Front 15

Metonymy

Back 15

D- Substitution of a word to suggest what is really meant.

A- Gives more literary symbolism and deeper meaning to common themes or objects.

E- "The suits on Wall Street walked off with most of our savings."

E- “Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.”

Front 16

Onomatopoeia

Back 16

D- Words that sound like their meaning.

A- Helps the reader hear the sounds by the words they reflect.

E- “cuckoo” “moo” “BANG”

E- The rustling leaves kept me awake