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17 Cards in this Set
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Archetype |
Definition - The original pattern, or model from which all other things of the same kind are made; a perfect example Example - The Hero: He or she is a character who predominantly exhibits goodness and struggles against evil in order to restore harmony and justice to society e.g. Beowulf, Hercules, D’artagnan from “The Three Musketeers” etc. |
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Fantasy |
Definition - Imaginative writing; writing in which the author breaks away from reality Example - Works like The Lord of the Rings trilogy/ Hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien, The Hero and the Crown, by Robin McKinley and, The Book of Three, by Lloyd Alexander. |
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Gothic |
Definition - A form of novel in which magic, mystery, horrors and chivalry abound Example - Marry Shelley's Frankenstein and The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole |
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Satire
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Definition - Ironic wit directed at a particular folly, vice, or stupidity in order to reform through ridicule. Example - Huckleberry Finn and Mark Twain's satire of racial prejudice |
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Vignette
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Definition - A short, delicate literary sketch Example - “Maera lay still, his head on his arms, his face in the sand. He felt warm and sticky from the bleeding. Each time he felt the horn coming. Sometimes the bull only bumped him with his head. Once the horn went all the way through him and he felt it go into the sand…Maera felt everything getting larger and larger and then smaller and smaller. Then it got larger and larger and larger and then smaller and smaller. Then everything commenced to run faster and faster as when they speed up a cinematograph film. Then he was dead.” - (In Our Time by Ernest Hemingway) |
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Parody
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Definition - A literary work that imitates and makes fun of another work, type of work, or specific author Example - “My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white ,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;” - Sonnet 13 by William Shakespeare, Shakespeare pokes fun at the prominent love poets at the time and the impossible to obtain qualities they sought for their beloved. |
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Folk Tale
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Definition - A story that has been composed orally and then passed down by word of mouth Example - Rewards and Fairies and Puck of Pook’s Hill by Rudyard Kipling |
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Ode
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Definition - A long, formal lyric poem with a serious theme Example - There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,The earth, and every common sight To me did seem Apparelled in celestial light,The glory and the freshness of a dream.It is not now as it hath been of yore;– (Ode on Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood by William Wordsworth) |
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Frame
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Definition - A narrative constructed so that one or more stories are embedded within another story Example - Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, the story is told from the viewpoint of a narrator but Marlow tells about his experience in the Congo |
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Homily
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Definition - A solemn and moralizing piece or a sermon; aka harangue Example - “He is not only able to cast wicked men into hell, but he can most easily do it. Sometimes an earthly prince meets with a great deal of difficulty to subdue a rebel that has found means to fortify himself…So ‘tis easy for us to cut or singe a slender thread that anything hangs by; thus easy is it for God, when he pleases, to cast his enemies down to hell. What are we, that we should think to stand before him, at whose rebuke the earth trembles, and before whom the rocks are thrown down.” - (Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God by Jonathan Edwards, delivered at Enfield, Connecticut on July 8, 1741) |
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Naturalism |
Definition - Writing that demonstrates a deep interest in nature; also used to describe any form of extreme realism Example - The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck. The Joad family is portrayed from the naturalistic point of view during the times of great depression in the United States. He depicts Joad family as insignificant, instinct-bound and small creature bound to seek paradise they might never find. |
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Parable
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Definition - A brief story, usually with human characters, that teaches a moral lesson; most famous parables are told by Christ in the Bible. Example - Jesus Christ and The Good Samaritan parable that teaches to not be dependent on others opinions |
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Neoclassicism
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Definition - Restoration literary movement in which writers turned to Greek/Roman models for inspiration |
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Humor
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Definition - Writing whose purpose it is to evoke some kind of laughter |
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In medias res
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Definition - Latin term which means “into the midst of things.” A story that starts in the middle of the action thengradually reveals the beginning by use of flashbacks. |
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Existentialism
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Definition - A term applied to a group of attitudes, which emphasize existence rather than the essence, and seesthe inadequacy of human reason to explain the enigma of the universe |
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Metaphysical
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Definition - Of, from, or relating to forces or being outside the natural world |
