Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what kind of fracture battle sign (posterior auricular bruising) , raccoon eyes, hemotympanum (CSF leak)
- blood in external canal, blood behind intact tympanic membane, clear d/c from nares, |
basilar skull fx/temporal bone
|
|
|
what kind of bleed affects Middle menigneal artery
-initial LOC, “lucid” interval and -bloody atraumitc LP -tx? |
epidural hematoma***;
tx: surgical intervention |
|
|
what kind of hematoma affects *bridging vein, slow deterioration *** Most severe!!
|
* subdural: SEVERE, Slow deterioration
|
|
|
what kind of bleed ~ Seen w/ severe brain injury;
-blood in CsF |
subarachnoid bleed
|
|
|
5-15 yo -periumbical pain, then RLQ pain;
-Rovsing’s sing: RLQ pain on palpation of left side -Obturator: pain on internal rotation of R ahip -iliopsoas sign: pain on ex of R hip -DX and Tx? |
Appy;
tx: fluids, antbx |
|
|
sudden crampy abd pain,
-gross or occult blood, mucosy stool (currant jelly) - sausage shaped mass, on R; infants: lethargy only; -Whats dx, how dx, and what's tx? |
Intussusception; < 2yo
-Cz: cz: small bowel lymphoma, Meckels, diverticulum, HSP, CF DX: U/S: bull’s eye; no perfusion; X-ray: target sign, crescent sign TX/DX: air/barium or water contrast enema |
|
|
-Male more; --small Bowel twists around SMA
- bilious emesis → shock; -what's dx, tx? |
Midgut volvulus
|
|
|
-acute unremitting abd pain;
-radiates to back -HI amylase, LIPASE levels – better; -what's cause, dx? |
Pancreatitis;
cz: most common cz: blunt abd trauma, gallstones in adol female |
|
|
--incomplete obliteration of omphalomesenteric duct
-painless rectal bleeding -cz? where does it hit? |
Meckel's; Rule of 2s: 2% population, 2:1 M;
-w/in 2 ft of ileocecal valve, -2 inches long |
|
|
what toxins cause constriction, sweating, what's antidote?
|
Cholinergic -lawn, garden products, insecticides,nerve gas, Myasthenia meds, scabicides; (DUMBELLS:
Diarrhea, urination, miosis, Bronchorhea/spasm; emesis, salivation) -organophosphates * Antidote: Atropine (stop) : dry secretions Pralodoxime -charcoal |
|
|
what toxins cause dilation and dry skin? what's antidote?
|
Anticholinergic (anti-histmamine,
TCA --> charcoal/NA bicarb, -anti-depressant/antipsychotics, phenothiazine/promethazine--> Diphenydramine, atropine-->Physostigmine) |
|
|
antidote for phenothiazine/promethazine
|
diphenhydramine
|
|
|
antidote for TCA
|
charcoal/na bicarb
|
|
|
antidote for atropine OD?
|
physostigmine
|
|
|
what causes constriction and dry skin? what's antidote
|
opiates; antidote: naloxone
|
|
|
what causes dilation, sweating? and what's antidote?
|
stimulants/sympathomimetics (amphetamines, cocaine, theophylline);
* antidote: lorazepam - also serotonin syndrome |
|
|
what causes : dystonic rxn, acute spasm of facial M, can’t swallow, clenched teeth, torticollis, facial grimace, posturing, dysarthria, dysphagia;
-what's antidote? |
Phenothiazine causes this; antidote: diphenydramine
|
|
|
Kid drank gas, no coughing, what’s next step?
|
Close observation for development of resp sx.
-avoid charcoal, lavage, emesis b/c risk of further aspiration |
|
|
worst object to aspirate?
|
Balloon, causes asphyxiation
|
|
|
what causes coma, convulsions, cardiac, seizure; tacky, lethargy; [Prolonged QT (QRS), wide QRS, flat T wave, ST depression, complete heart block]; urinary retension, torsades de pointes; hypotension? what's antidote?
|
TCA
-give NA Bicarb for cardiac toxicity - charcoal - physostigmine |
|
|
what won't work w/ charcoal?
|
CALLIPHH: Caustics, alcohol, Lead,Lithium Iron, Potassium, Heavy metals, hydrocarbons; ethylene glycol
|
|
|
when can you lavage?
|
- Only good if used < 1 hour; CI: caustics, hydrocarbons; protect airway if depressed gag
|
|
|
what causes: - I: n, anrorexia, V (1st 24 hrs)
- II: asympt; III: fulminant helptic failure; IV: recovery; and what's tx? |
acetomenophin overdose; Tx: mucomyst
|
|
|
what causes CNS depression, hypoglycemia, miosis; combative, agitated
-acute: ataxia, slurred speech, visual disturbance, V/N; sluggish, but normal pupil size; excessive sweating , esophagitis, gastritis, PUD; hypoglycemia; flushed skin? |
alcohol; ethanol, ethylene glycol (anti-freeze), methanol ;
antidotes: (ethylene gycol) → ethanol, fomepizole - inhib alcohol dehyd/dialysis if > 50 |
|
|
what causes -mucosal burns, pain, drooling, stridor?
|
caustics; pH <2, or >12; alkaline: ammoin, Na hypochlorite; laundry detergents; drain openers;
-acids: drain openers, toilet bowl cleaners, rust removers, oven cleaners TX: endocscopy if < 24 hrs, rest esophagus |
|
|
how do you manage battery ingestion?
|
batteries: esophageal: immediate removal
2) if in stomach: x-ray f/u 4-7 days to check to see if passed 3) button batter: immediate removal; 4) magnets: immed removal; traps bowel; |
|
|
what's leading cz of death due to aspiration
-inhalation: asphyxia, cardiac arrythmia, aspiration-> death; ms. Weakness, nystagmus, hallucinations? |
hydrocarbon;
Tx: watch > 6 hrs, admit if symptomatic, abnl CXR or hypoxemia ** no charcoal; no emesis,/lavage |
|
|
what are normal lead levels and abnl lead levels, and what's tx for hi levels?
|
- < 20 mg/kg/: insignifcant
- 20-60 mg/kg mild; > 60 mg/kg mod/severe; WBC > 15,000; gluc > 150; V, D, - Tx: deferoxamine |
|
|
what causes F, tinnitus, coma, sz, primary resp alkalosis, metabolic acidosis; hyperglycemia ;
-Tx/antidote? |
cause: Salicylates: aspirin, ben gay, oil of wintergreen;
Tx: charcoal; alkalinize urine, Whole bowel irrigation, hemodialysis tx: |
|
|
what causes tacky, hypotension (vs other drugs), agitation, coma, sz, N/V/abd pain; sympathomimetic;
-what's tx? |
cause: theophlylline;
Tx: charcoal – repeated doses; Benzo or barbs fr sz; anti-arrythmic meds |
|
|
what causes -Tachycardia; HTN, mydriasis; low doses: euphoria, overconfidence; Higher doses: aggressive, violent;
-what's treatment? |
cocaine;
- Tx: HTN: nitroprusside; psychosis- haldol |
