Liquid Modified Diets

Front 1

Diets are modified how?

Back 1

-texture
-calories
-specific nutrients
-seasonings
-consistency

Front 2

NPO

Back 2

-nothing by mouth
-before anethesia or after surgery until bowel sounds return
-most patients ok with NPO for several days
-some patients may require nutrition and fluids per IV

Front 3

Clear Liquid

Back 3

-next step after NPO or back to regular
-minimal GI stimulation
-clear liquid supply
-fluid
-It provides electrolytes,fluid, minimal energy in the form of glucose/sucrose
-600 Kcal/day
short term; about 24-36 hrs
It is deficientin:
Almost all nutrients

Front 4

Major goals of a liquid diet?

Back 4

-relieve thrist
-prevents dehydration
-minimize stimulation of GI tract

Front 5

How do we know when a person is ready for the next step after NPO

Back 5

-positive bowel sounds
- + flatuence
- no NG tube

Front 6

What is included in a liquid water

Back 6

-water
-tea
-coffee
-clear broths
-carbonated beverages
-strained and clear juices
-plain gelatin

Front 7

What would determine length of time of a liquid diet?

Back 7

-how your patient tolerates it

Front 8

Full liquid diet

Back 8

-next step after clear liquid
-milk based
-liquids or foods that turn to liquid at body temperature (ex. ice cream)

Front 9

Who is a liquid diet for?

Back 9

-Gi problems
-unable to tolerate solid or semisolid foods
-post-surgery

Front 10

What is a liquid diet low and high in?

Back 10

LOW
-iron
-protein
-calories
HIGH in
-cholesterol

Front 11

What are some food examples of a liquid diet?

Back 11

-milk & milk drinks
-puddings, custards
-ice cream, sherbet, yogurt
-vegetable juices
-strained cereals
-cream, butter, margarine

Front 12

Soft Diet/ soft mechanical diet

Back 12

-easily chewed and digested
-for pts who have difficulty chewing and swallowing
-for some patients after surgery
-low-residue (fiber) diet containing very few uncooked foods
-can be modified to pureed diet

Front 13

What are some examples of a soft/mechanical diet?

Back 13

-mashed potatoes
-scrambled eggs

Front 14

Regular diet

Back 14

-for patients with no special needs
-a balanced diet
-2000 kcals

Front 15

List some diets modified for specific diseases

Back 15

-Diabetes (ADA)
-heart disease (prudent diet, low sodium
-GI alterations-bland diet

Front 16

Prudent diet

Back 16

-low cholesterol and sodium
-lower the LDL cholesterol levels and sodium intake
-for heart disease, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia

Front 17

Sodium restricted diet

(no, mild, moderate, severe)

Back 17

-no added salt - 4-5 grams per day allowed
-mild sodium restriction - 1gm/day
-severe sodium restriction - 500mg/day (CHF, Liver, or high cholesterol

Front 18

What are some high sodium foods?

Back 18

-pickles, olives
-salted nuts
-soy sauce
-hot dogs, bacon, sausage
-processed cheese
-canned soups
-potatoe chips
-canned fish and meats
-lucheon meats, ham
-mustard and ketchup

Front 19

High fiber foods

Back 19

-whole-wheat breads and cereals
-bran
-oatmeal
-freash fruits and veggies

Front 20

What does TPN provide?

Back 20

-higher concentrations of dextrose
-amino acids
-vitamins, minerals
-lipids (fat emulsions) can be infused with TPN

Front 21

What are labs that are related to nutrition?

Back 21

-serum albumin and pre-albumin
-Hbg, Hct (iron status)
-serum elctrolytes-Na+, K+, calcium (mineral)
-glucose
-BUN, creatinine-kidneys
-urinary tests-creatinine (muscle mass), urea nitrogen (reflect intake and breakdown of dietary protein)
-total lymphocyte count-immune system