Lipids And Drugs

Front 1

Cholesterol (total) treatment goal

Back 1

<230 mg/dl

Front 2

Triglycerides treatment goal

Back 2

<150 mg/dl

Front 3

LDL Cholesterol treatment goal

Back 3

<130 mg/dl

Front 4

HDL Cholesterol treatment goal

Back 4

>45 mg/dl for men
>50 mg/dl for women

Front 5

Statins MOA

Back 5

Inhibition of HMG CoA Reductase

Front 6

Statins

Back 6

Inhibit hepatic cholesterol synthesis and increase LDL receptor synthesis
Decrease triglycerides
Give before dinner or at bedtime
SEs: Hepatotoxic (get ALT), myopathy
CI: pregnancy and children

Front 7

Cardioprotective effects of statins

Back 7

Induced Endothelial NO synthesis
Induce plaque stability
Decrease CRP and inflammation
Decrease lipoprotein oxidation
Decrease coagulation (plts and fibrinogen)

Front 8

Resins

Back 8

Bile acid sequestrants- bind to bile acids and prevent their reabsorption so cholesterol is used to make more instead of going to bloodstream
Increases LDL receptor expression
Increases LDL clearance from plasma
Mild + of VLDL and triglyceride
***Kids & pregnant can take
SEs: constipation and bloating
CI: triglyceridemia, impairs absorption of certain drugs so take 1 hr. before or 3 hrs. after
*Best if used as adjunctive therapy

Front 9

Fibrates

Back 9

Stimulate lipoprotein lipase to increase VLDL catabolism
Decrease apoC3 and increase apoA1 and apoA3
Therapeutic against triglyceride levels and mildly increases HDL
Indicated in chylomicronemia syndrome
CI: with statins (myopathy),anticoag., pregnancy, metabolic syndrome or DM, hepatic/renal dysfunction
*Increased incidence of gallstones and lithogenicity of bile

Front 10

Niacin

Back 10

Inhibits triglyceride lipolysis so there are fewer fatty acids to be made into trig. in liver
Lowers Trig, VLDL, LDL, and Lp(a)
Inhibits clearance of HDL (Increase)
Therapeutic to increase HDL most
SEs: Flushing, skin problems, gout, hepatotoxic,GI
CI: myopathy with statins, pregnancy

Front 11

Ezetimibe

Back 11

Inhibits uptake of cholesterol by enterocytes such that fewer chylomicrons are transferred to liver and LDL receptors are upregulated
Good for statin-intolerant pts.
CI: with resins, pregnancy

Front 12

Best medications for patients with predominant high cholesterol

Back 12

Resins, statins, fibrates, niacin

Front 13

Best medications for patients with predominant high triglycerides

Back 13

Fibrates and niacin

Front 14

Best medications for patients with combined hyperlipidemia

Back 14

Statins, fibrates, niacin

Front 15

Drug of choice for increasing HDL

Back 15

Niacin

Front 16

Drug of choice for lowering triglycerides

Back 16

Fibrates

Front 17

Which drugs, combined with statins, have risk for myopathy?

Back 17

Niacin and fibrates