Lipids

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Lipids

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insoluble in water but dissolve readily in other lipids and in organic solvents such as alcohol and ether. Contain carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

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Triglycerides

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(neutral fats) Commonly known as fats when solid or oils when liquid.

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Fatty acids

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linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an organic acid group at one end (-COOH)

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Glycerol

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Modified simple sugar. Provides teh bodyies most eficient and compact form of stored energy, and when oxidized, yields large amounts of energy.

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Saturated

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fatty acid chains with only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

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Unsaturated

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Fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. Examples: olive and peanut oils, corn, soybean, safflower oils

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Transfat

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Common in many margarines and baked products; oils that have been solidified by addition of H atoms at sites of double carbon bonds.

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Omega-3-fatty acids

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Found naturally in cold-water fish. Decreases risk of heart disease.

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Phospholipids

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Modified triglycerides, that is, they are diglycerides with a phosphrous-containg grop and two fatty acid chains.

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Steroids

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Flat molecules made of four interlocking hydrocarbon rings. Fat soluble and contain little oxygen.

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Eicosanoids

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Diverse lipids chiefly deried from a 20-carbon fatty acid found in all cell membranes.