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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What arethe major classes of fatty acids and lipids? |
fatty acids, waxes, fats, and oils |
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Nonhydrolyzable |
Lipidscannot be cleaved into smaller units by aqueous hydrolysis. |
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waxes |
Waxes are esters (RCOOR’) formed from a fatty acid and a high molecular weight alcohol. |
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wax hydrolysis |
inthe presence of acid or base to re-form thecarboxylic acid and alcohol theycame from |
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fatty acids |
The naturally occurring fats and oils arearecomposed of long-chain carboxylic acids A long-chain carboxylic acid; those inanimal fats and vegetable oils often have 12–22 carbon atoms |
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Triacylglycerols (triglycerides) |
are triesters- formed from glycerol and three molecules of- fatty acids.
carboxylic acid triestersof glycerol, a three-carbon trialcohol |
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Oil |
Amixture of triacylglycerolsthat is liquid because it contains a high proportion of unsaturated fattyacids. |
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Fat |
A mixture of triacylglycerolsthat is solid because it contains a high proportion of saturated fatty acids |
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properties of fats and oils with double bonds |
Themore double bonds there are in a triacylglycerol, the harder it is for it tosolidify. |
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Glycerol |
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Triacylgylcerol (ester groups in red) |
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cis-doublebonds to trans-double bonds not usually found in nature |
margerine,shortning,high fat baked goods |
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saponification |
Hydrolysis of fats and oils carried outby strong aqueous bases to form soaps |
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Micelle |
A spherical cluster formed by theaggregation of soap or detergent molecules so that their hydrophobic ends arein the center and their hydrophilic ends are on the surface |
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simple lipids |
containjust two types of components (fatty acids and alcohols) |
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complex lipids |
containmore than two types components (fatty acids, an alcohol, and other components) |
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Phospholipid |
A lipid that has an ester link betweenphosphoric acid and an alcohol (either glycerol or sphingosine)and another alcohol (usually containing an amine |
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Glycerophospholipid |
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