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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the Framingham heart study start |
1948 |
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What are the benefits of Qrisk |
UK data Includes additional risk factors such as ethnicity and deprivation |
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What to do if Qrisk over 10 |
10% risk in next 10 years Prescribe statins |
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When not to use Qrisk |
Type 1 diabetes Low GFR Familial hypercholesterolaemia |
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What are the levels of blood lipids to send to specialist for hyperlipidaemia |
>9 total cholesterol >7.5 non HDL |
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What is a commonly prescribed statin |
Atorvastatin |
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What’s the dose of atorvastatin for primary prevention |
20mg |
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What’s the dose for 2nd prevention atorvastatin |
80mg (Angina/ mi/ CAD |
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Why treat asymptomatic disease (lipid profile) |
Reduce atherosclerotic process and incidence of CVD Prevent pancreatitis |
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What set of patients commonly have severely raised triglycerides |
Alcoholics |
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What does the LDL receptor recognise |
ApoB100 |
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Where are he majority f LdLr found |
Liver |
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What’s ezetimibe |
Potent selective inhibitor of absorption of cholesterol from small bowel |
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How does ezitimibe reduce serum cholesterol |
Less dietary cholesterol and also less biliary cholesterol. Means less initially packages into VLDL |
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How do resins work |
Bind bile acids in intestine (interrupt circulation of bile) |
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How do fibrates work |
Bonds to nuclear PPar Increase peripheral lipolysis and decrease hepatic triglyceride production |
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How does omega 3 work |
Inhibit lipogenesis and stimulate beta- oxidation. Reduced secretion of VLDL |
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PCSK9 inhibitors |
PCSK9 binds to LDL receptors and promotes degradation PCSK9 inhibitors increase the availability of LDLR and remove LDL cholesterol from circulation |
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What is the profile of hypercholesterolaemia |
Raised total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (above 9mmol) |
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What’s mixed hyperlipidaemia |
Raised TC and LDLc also raised TGs and low HDLC |
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Likely presentation of high TC levels |
Xanthoma Arcus in eye |
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How many people with FH |
1 in 200 |
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How is FH passed on |
Autosomal dominant |
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What causes familial hypercholesterolaemia |
Mutations in LDLR/ ApoB Gain of function mutation PCSK9 |
