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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-statins
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MOA: inhibits HMG-CoA reductase,
inhibit cholesterol precursor (mevalonate); in response, hepatocytes inc their surface expression of LDL (to inc uptake of circulating LDL) uses: 1st line for lowering LDL, can also increase HDL, and lower TG's S/E: inc LFT's, rhabdomyolysis |
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Niacin
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MOA: inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue, reduces hepatic vLDL secretion
uses: 1st line to raise HDL, can also lower LDL and TGs S/E: flushing, itching, gout, insulin resistance Phx: (for flushing) aspirin Antidote: (for flushing) antihistamine |
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Cholestyramine
(colestipol, colesevelam) |
Bile acid resins
MOA: prevent reabsorption of bile acids from gut. (liver will have to use cholesterol in body to make more) uses: decreases LDL, raises HDL S/E: bad taste, GI discomfort, dec absorption of fat soluble vitamins, raises TG's CI: gallstones |
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Ezetimibe
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MOA: prevent cholesterol reabsoption at small int. brush border
uses: lowers LDL S/E: inc LFT's, myopathy |
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Gemfibrozil
(clofibrate, bezafibrate, fenofibrate) |
Fibrates
MOA: upregulate LPL uses: 1st line for lowering TG's, can also lower LDL, and raise HDL S/E: inc LFT's, myositis |
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Treatment of high LDL
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diet first
statin second add Ezetimibe if needed |
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Treatment of high TG
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diet first
fibrate second add niacin if needed |
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Treatment of low HDL
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diet first
niacin second |
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Orlistat
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MOA: inhibits pancreatic lipases
uses: long term obesity mgmnt toxicity: steatorrhea, GI discomfort, fat soluble vitamin deficiency, headache |
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Sibutramine
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MOA: SNRI
uses: short-term and long-term obesity management. toxicity: HTN, tachycardia |
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4 ways to raise HDL without meds
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1) diet
2) excersize 3) moderate alcohol (1 shot wiskey, 1 glass wine, 2 beers) 4) estrogen |
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Can we measure LDL?
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No, we have to calculate it
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Formula for LDL
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LDL= total chol - HDL- TG/5
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Which lipid lowering agent dec incidence of 2nd MI, and inc mortality?
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Statins
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Which fat drugs are "nice" (dec LDL, dec TG, inc HDL?
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niacin, fibrates, statins
(niacin is more specific for HDL, fibrates are more specific for TG, statins are more specific for LDL) |
