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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The various ways a phoneme is pronounced.
Ex: /t/ little (pronounced as a flap); /t/ kitten (glottal stop) |
allophone
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A phonographic writing system in which each symbol represents a single segment like a consonant or a vowel.
Ex: Roman, Greek, Cyrillic alphabets |
alphabetic writing
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Morpheme that always attaches to other morphemes, never existing as a word itself.
Ex: -able (suffix); re- (prefix) |
bound morpheme
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Morpheme that can stand alone as a word.
Ex: cat |
free morpheme
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A writing system that relies predominantly on the representation of the meaning of words. Each symbol ususally represents a morpheme. Sometimes referred to as a logographic.
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morphographic writing
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A class of speech sounds identified by a native speaker as the same sound; a mental entity (category) related to various allophones by phonological rules.
Example: stop and top both contain the ______ /t/. |
phoneme
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A writing system that relies predominantly on the representation of the sounds of words.
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phonographic writing
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The free morpheme or bound root in a word to which other affixes attach or on which all morphological processes act.
Ex: cat is the _____ on which catty is built |
root morpheme
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The part of a word to which affixes are attached. It always includes the root, and it may include one or more other affixes.
Ex: reruns (-s is a suffix; re- is a prefix added; run is the root) |
stem morpheme
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A property of syllables; a stressed syllable is more prominent than an unstressed one, due to having greater loudness, longer duration, different pitch, or full vowels.
Ex: blackboard vs black board |
stress
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A phonetic characteristic of speech sounds, such as length, intonation, tone, or stress, that "rides on top of" segmental features.
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suprasegmentals
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A phonographic writing system in which each symbol represents roughly one syllable of the language. Usually such systems actually represent the moras in a language and therefore may also be called moraic systems.
Ex: Cherokee (each symbol approximately represents a consonant plus a vowel combo) |
syllabic writing
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The organization of words into phrases, and likewise, the organization of phrases into sentences.
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syntax
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Pitch at which the syllable of a word is pronouncd; can make a difference in meaning.
Ex: Thai, Chinese |
tone
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One of the most obvious aspects of syntax. The way in which words are organized in a sentence.
Ex: English = SVO; Russian is fluid |
word order
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Type of morpheme that changes the meaning of the word or the part of speech or both. They often create new words. Prefixes.
Ex: the prefix and _____ un added to invited changes the meaning of the word |
derivational morpheme
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Can only be a suffix; Creates a change in the function of a word
Ex: The s in cats is an ______. |
inflectional morpheme
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