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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Linguistic competence.
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What a speaker needs to know to produce all the grammatical (well-formed) sentences, and none of the ungrammatical (ill-formed) sentences.
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Properties of Syntax(3).
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Generativity/Linearity/Hierarchy
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Generativity.
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Minimal number of rules to generate an infinite number of sentences.
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Linearity.
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Ordering of words.
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Hierarchy.
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Internal structure.
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Constituent
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A syntactic unit that functions as a part of a larger unit within a sentence.
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Constituent structure.
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The linear and hierarchical organization of the words of a sentence into structural units.
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Evidence for constituent structure?
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1. Constituent act as units. (Movement and substitution)
2. Different constituent structures produce structural ambiguity. |
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Two types of ambiguity.
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Lexical and structural.
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Lexical ambiguity.
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A sentence with two meanings because it contains an ambiguous word.
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Structural ambiguity.
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A sentence or phrase with two or more meanings because it has more than one possible constituent structure.
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Several lexical categories for one word equals.
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One meaning.
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Content lexical categories
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Noun, verb, adverb, adjective.
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Examples of nouns that aren't person, places, or things.
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path, quality, action, measurement in space.
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Examples of verbs that aren't action.
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Mental states, possession.
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Function lexical categories
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preposition, pronoun, determiner, conjunction, complementizer, auxiliary verb
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Part of S
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NP (AUX) VP
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Parts of NP
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(Det) (A) N (PP) (CP)
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Parts of VP
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V (NP) (PP) (CP)
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PARTS OF PP
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P (NP)
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