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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Language |
A device paring sound and meaning; a system of rules |
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Rule |
principle |
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All signifiers are... |
Arbitrary and relational |
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Exceptions to rule that words are arbitrary
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Onomatopoeias (breaking words, animal cries, liquid words, machine words, cough)Nursery words (papa, baba, mama)
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Universals |
consonants and vowels, sentences w/ a subject and a predicate, nouns and verbs foundation of all lg. |
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Universal tendencies |
nasal components ("m" and "n"), one of following word orders: svo, vso, sov or vos (osv and ovs nonexistent or very uncommon), determiners ("this," "that," "a," "the," etc. |
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Phenology |
sound system/study of sound system.
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Morphology |
word forming system |
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Franz Boas |
Father of American Anthropology
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Edward Sapir |
American anthropologist-linguist, who is widely considered to be one of the most important figures in the early development of the discipline of linguistics.
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Leonard Bloomfield |
American linguist who led the development of structural linguistics in the United States during the 1930s and the 1940s.
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Lg. is not learned, but... |
acuired |
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Chomsky changed linguist's perspective from a "blank slate" hypothesis to the |
innate hypothesis |
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L1 |
Must have exposure before about 6 yrs. |
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L2 |
Before puberty |
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vocal-auditory channel
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Describes the way vocal signals can be used to produce language. The speaker uses a vocal tract (containing most of the speech organs) to produce speech sounds, and the hearer employs an auditory apparatus (the sense of hearing) to receive and process the speech sounds.
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Rapid fading signal |
temporary quality of language
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Some insects... |
use pheromones instead of sound. Bees dance. |
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In regards to species, lg is... |
species specific and species universal (only/all humans) |
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Human lg... |
very small imitative component; enormous creative potential; rules |
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Animal lg... |
mostly imitative; very small (if any) creative component; finite/fixed set of utterances |
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Monkey experiments |
Learn to associate objects logically. Good reason and memory skills. Not lg. Taught by repetition and reward. No inborn system. (Vervet monkey anecdote w/ leopard, snake and eagle). |
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Lg. facilitates... |
abstract thought, but is not needed for many types of complex thinking (spacial skills, motor skills, the arts, math, music, etc.) |
