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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Semantics
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Semantics: core uncancelable grammatical values of a linguistic item
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Pragmatics
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Pragmatics: values of a linguistic item based on co-text, cancelable features
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Lexical Sense
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a lexeme's lexical range within a cognitive construct; i.e. lexical definition
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Contextual sense
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pragmatic sense of a lexeme within a particular context and co-text
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Word/Lexeme
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minimum unit of language with a distinct concept
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Arbitrary nature of word-referent relationship
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particular unit of sound does not inherently have a referent, but it has culturally been given a referent
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Illegitimate totality transfer
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error of importing the total conceptual sense of a lexeme (or phrase) into a specific linguistic setting
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semantic range
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range of senses, or cognitive concepts, of a particular lexeme
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Etymologizing error
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"belief that the history of a word is determinative for its meaning" Porter
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Homonymy
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two or more lexemes with the same spelling and pronunciation
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Polysemy
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single lexeme having multiple senses
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Synonym
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"two or more lexical units which have identical core semantic components" (SIL)
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Hyponym
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one lexeme is a subset of another
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Antonym: Binary, Converse, Gradable
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two lexemes with opposite senses. Binary- polar opposites.
Converse: connected like buy-sell. Gradable- opposite ends of a continuous spectrum |
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Meaning/Definition
Gloss |
an at length definition or description of a particular lexical unit
Gloss: one word or phrase substitution for another word |
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Collocation or Syntagmatic sense relation
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Culturally determined pattern of lexical units that are semantically and syntactically permissible
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Accidence
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Area of Grammar that deals with the inflections of words.
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Anacoluthon
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Denotes a sharp break in the structure of a sentence or the failure to comple a sentence as intended. (usually digression by Paul)
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Aktionsart
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refers to 'kind of action', which is subjective. Rather, than time of action which is objective.
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Aposiopesis
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A conscious break in a sentence due to strong emotion. Rom 7:24
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Apposition
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relationship of nouns (substantives), where one item defines another
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Asyndeton
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constructions joined with the omission of a conjunction
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Circumlocution
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An around about way of saying something; adding unnecessary words to express an idea.
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Parenthetical Clause
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Clause that is inserted into a sentence w/o proper syntactical relationship. Usually used for elaboration or explanation of a previous idea: Phil 1:28
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Constructio ad Sensum
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Construction in which the sense of a word or phrase is considered and not its grammatical form. (ie singular noun for plural objects)
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Ellipsis
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Where a word(s) is left our of a construction where it might be expected.
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Enclitic
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word that does not have an accent and is pronounced with the preceding word
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Epexegetic
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(like apposition) whereby one item defines another. Epexegetic expressing a relationship for verbs. Through gen, nom, acc, and infin.
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Hypotactic
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Item(s) in subordination to another by hypotactic conjunction or RelPro.
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Intransitive
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Verb or verbal construction that does not have a direct object.
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Parechesis
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Recurrence of the same sound w/ different words in close proximity
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Paratactic
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Coordination of two parallel works (etc) sometimes w/o connecting conjunctions.
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Pleonasm
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habit or speech of repeating an idea, or making the idea redundant.
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Postpositive
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word that never begins a sentence (kai, gar, de, oun &tc)
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Deixis
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Particular linguistic items that establish temporal relations (now, then, tomorrow, &tc)
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Grammaticalize
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express semantic information by means of a particular structure
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Syntax
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grammatical category concerned with word order
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1933 Colwell's Rule
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Definite predicate nominative that precedes the verb is usually anarthrous
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1798 Granville Sharp Rule
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In TSKS constructions both substantives refer to the same person when:
a) both are personal b) singular c) non-proper (Eph 1:3) |
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Infinitive
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Indeclinable Verbal Noun
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Participle
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Declinable Verbal Adjective
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Idiolect
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Unique speech habits and patterns of an individual
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Semiotics
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study of signs or signalling systems
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Genitive Absolute
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Idiomatic use of an adverbial participle- phrase is grammatically independent of the main construction
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Narrative
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Presentation of events or actions that are anaphorically related
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