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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phonetics
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Production and perception of speech sounds...articulatory features of sounds..acoustic properties of sounds...human physiology
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Phonology
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How sounds are organized in the mind...what are the regularities determining how sounds are allowed o combine to form morphemes?...How are they not allowed to combine?...Some of it has to do with physiology, but for the most part phonology does not depend on physiology...The restrictions imposed on sound combinations are mental rather than physiological
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Another definition of phonology
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the study of the rules that dictate the mapping between the mental representation and the acoustic reality
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In linguistics...
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In linguistics we don't really study languages, we study the properties of the human mind through language
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Phonemes
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The phonological module of our mental grammar maps the acoustic stimulus onto mental representations...but many different acoustic signals get mapped onto the same mental represtnation. We therefore experience as the same sounds that are actually very different from each other
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Allophones
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The actual acoustic realization of a phoneme
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Allophones: brackets or slashes
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brackets
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Phonemes: brackets or slashes
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slashes
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Minimal pairs definition
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Word x and y form a minimal pair if and only if
i: x and y differ in meaning ii: x and y are identical in all but one sound |
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If there are minimal pairs, then...
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The two sounds in terms of which x and y differ, are allophones of different phonemes
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However, just because two sounds are allophones of different phonemes, does not mean they are...
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Minimal pairs
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Once you know that allophones are of the same phoneme, then...
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you have to figure out what determines the distribution of the allophones
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Complimentary distribution
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[sound 1] and [sound 2] are in complimentary distribution if and only if the phonological contexts in which sound 1 appears do not overlap with the phonological contexts in which sound 2 appears
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