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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 different ways of mode of communication
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vocal-auditory, visual, tactile, chemical
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Onomatopoeia is _____________
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Not arbitrary
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One example of discreteness
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"astro"
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Phonetics
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the study of speech sounds
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Morphology
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the study of how small meaningful units of language combine to form words
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Syntax
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the study of how words are arranged in sentences
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Semantics
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studies the meaning component of language
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Descriptive linguistics/grammar
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refers to the structure of a language as it is actually used by speakers and writers.
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Prescriptive linguistics/grammar
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refers to the structure of a language as certain people think it should be used.
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Linguists are interested in which type of grammar (prescriptive or descriptive)?
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Descriptive because linguists are interested in describing these grammars, not in prescribing styles of proper or correct language use
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Competence definition
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a person's unseen potential to speak a language. It resides in a person's mind. It is considered to be flawless, that is, without any errors.
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Performance definition
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the actual realization of our unseen potential to speak a language.
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Performance errors
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when we use language, we are sometimes unable to remember words, sometimes we mispronounce something or jumble the words in a sentence. There could be an apparent reason behind it or no apparent reason behind it. Competence still remains unimpaired
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Since competence cannot be viewed directly...
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Linguists use performance to make hypotheses and draw conclusions about what linguistic competence must be like
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sound definition for the class
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the smallest discrete units of vocalization we can produce or interpret
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consonants have some sort of _______ in the vocal tract
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closure
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Each IPA symbol conventionally represents one, and only one, _________
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phone
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