Lighting And Sound Terms

Front 1

the lighting designer's drafted plan indicating the location of all of the lighting and special effects equipment for a production

Back 1

Light Plot

Front 2

a method of lighting visualization in which one or more properties of light are tracked on a scene by scene basis throughout the show.

Back 2

Storyboard

Front 3

the relationship between two or more values, colors, textures, and so on.

Back 3

Contrast Ratio

Front 4

the ability to distinguish detail

Back 4

Visual Acuity

Front 5

a type of performance space characterized by audience seating on three sides of the playing area

Back 5

Thrust Stage

Front 6

a fixed front of house lighting position

Back 6

beam position

Front 7

lighting positions hanging over head, usually parallel to the stage having variable trim height.

Back 7

electrics

Front 8

the distance light travels from the luminaire to a location on the stage, usually at head height

Back 8

throw distance

Front 9

a vertical lighting position, usually placed in the wings, consisting of a box truss within which lights are hung

Back 9

dance tower

Front 10

the angle between edges of beam

Back 10

beam angle

Front 11

that part of the light output of a spotlight from the center outward to 50% of peak candlepower

Back 11

beam

Front 12

a variation of a plano convex lens in which the flat side is cut away in sections to reduce lens weight

Back 12

step lens

Front 13

a lens consisting of one flat side and one outwardly curved side, used in pairs in ellipsoidal reflector spotlights

Back 13

plano-convex lens

Front 14

the included angle between which the light output of a spotlight goes from the center outward to 10% of peak candlepower

Back 14

field angle

Front 15

that part of an ellipsoidal reflector spotlight that houses the lens

Back 15

barrel

Front 16

an accessory for fresnel for luminaires that can be used as an external shutter

Back 16

barn door

Front 17

the electronic or mechanical "handle" by which a dimmer, and therefore a lamp's intensity, or a moving light attribute, is controlled.

Back 17

channel

Front 18

the electronic or mechanical device that alters the electricity (usually the current) in a circuit to change the intensity of light

Back 18

dimmer

Front 19

connected via permanent wiring, as circuits are connected to dimmers in a dimmer-per-circuit configuration

Back 19

hard-wired

Front 20

enclosed channels containing electrical wiring that terminate in load circuit receptacles located along their length

Back 20

raceways

Front 21

producer and director (1900-1971) who championed the resident theatre movement and the development of thrust stages in the US

Back 21

Tyrone Guthrie

Front 22

Italian architect, scenographer, and lighting innovator of the Renaissance Period -- put reflectors behind candles in the wings

Back 22

Nicolo Sabbatini

Front 23

British actor/manager who sponsored numerous advances in stagecraft and lighting -- first to darken the audience area

Back 23

Sir Henry Irving

Front 24

American lighting designer, oftern referred to the mother of modern lighting design

Back 24

Jean Rosenthal

Front 25

20th century teacher of architecture and lighting design at Yale University -- codified lighiting design -- also referred to as "the grandaddy" of lighting design

Back 25

Stanley McCandless

Front 26

List the functions and subfunctions of stage lighting.

Back 26

visibility, environment, mood, three-dimensional form, visual focus, and style

Front 27

The four steps of the lighting design process

Back 27

1. Read/assimilate/understand the material being designed
2. Decide what it should look like
3. Figure out how to make it look that way
4. Make it look that way on stage, in the theatre.

Front 28

indicates the direction, color, and purpose of each light in a composition

Back 28

schematic diagram

Front 29

a type of light source featuring an enclosed electrical arc

Back 29

High Intensity Discharge

Front 30

Describe the halogen cycle

Back 30

1. Tungsten atoms vaporizing from tungsten filament
2. Tungsten atoms combine with halogen atoms.
3. Gaseous compound deposits the tungsten atoms back to the filament.
4. The halogen is available for the cycle again.

Front 31

a type of lamp,usually with a compact filament, that contains an inert halogen gas to increase filament life.

Back 31

halogen incandescent

Front 32

the part of the eye where the receptor cells, rods and cones are located -- the surface at the back of the eye

Back 32

retina

Front 33

the receptor cells in the human eye responsible for black and white night vision and peripheral vision

Back 33

rods

Front 34

a type of cell on the retina in the human eye responsible for color vision and detail discrimination

Back 34

cones

Front 35

the pathway of neuro-transmission between the eye and the brain

Back 35

optic nerve

Front 36

the area of the retina of the eye on which the cones are most densely concentrated

Back 36

fovea

Front 37

the protective layer on top of the lens of the eye

Back 37

cornea

Front 38

a part of the eye that controls the curvature of the lens and therefore the ability to shift focus from near objects to far

Back 38

ciliary muscle

Front 39

Common "fixed" lighting positions

Back 39

balcony rail, cove or beam, box booms, torms, and sometimes grids and catwalks

Front 40

common "flexible" lighting positions

Back 40

electrics, booms, dance towers, ladders, and footlights

Front 41

a front of house horizontal lighting position, usually found in proscenium theatres that provides a fairly shallow angle

Back 41

balcony rail

Front 42

a front of house horizontal lighting position found in the ceiling of some theatres -- provides steep, structural front light

Back 42

cove (or beam)

Front 43

front of house vertical lighting positions usually located high and to the side of the stage -- angle of light provides more sculptural composition

Back 43

box booms

Front 44

a vertical lighting position permanently mounted on the upstage side of teh proscenium arch -- used to sidelight the downstage plane of the stage

Back 44

torms

Front 45

What is a section drawing used for?

Back 45

It is the view that the lighting designer can figure out the potential overhead lighting positions, the angle of light to be achieved from them, and their trim heights.