Light Reactions Note Cards

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By: Justus Siltala

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10-30-14

Per.4

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Autotroph

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any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis as a source of energy, as most plants and certain bacteria and protists

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Photosynthesis

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the complex process by which carbon dioxide, water, and certain inorganic salts are converted into carbohydrates by green plants, algae, and certain bacteria, using energy from the sun and chlorophyll

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Heterotroph

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Animals and other organisms that must get energy from food instead of directly from sunlight or inorganic substances

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Light Reactions

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Light energy is converted to chemical energy, which is temporarily stored in ATP and the energy carrier molecule NADPH

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Chloroplast

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Organelles found in the cells of plants and algae.

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Thylakoid

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a flattened sac or vesicle lined with a pigmented membrane that is the site of photosynthesis, in plants and algae occurring in interconnected stacks constituting a granum of the chloroplast, and in other photosynthesizing organisms occurring either singly or as part of the cell membrane or other structure

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Granum

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one of the structural units of a chloroplast in vascular plants, consisting of layers of thylakoids

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Stroma

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The solution surrounding the grana

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Pigment

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compounds that absorb light

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Chlorophyll

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The green coloring in plants

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Carotenoid

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any of a group of red and yellow pigments, chemically similar tocarotene, contained in animal fat and some plants

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Photosystem

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either of two pigment-containing systems, photosystem I or II, in which the light-dependent chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplasts of plants

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Primary Electron Acceptor

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The acceptor of the electrons lost from chlorophyll a is a molecule in the thylakoid membrane

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Electron Transport Chain

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The primary electron acceptor donates the electrons to the first of a series of molecules located in the thylakoid membrane

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Chemiosmosis

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An important part of the light reactions is the synthesis of ATP through a process

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Calvin Cycle

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a series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar

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Carbon Fixation

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The synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide, such as in photosynthesis

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Stomata

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main major passage ways through which CO2 and O2 leaves a plant