Ligaments And Joints

Front 1

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Back 1

Hinge or ginglymus type of synovial joint

Front 2

What four structures form the socket of the ankle joint?

Back 2

1. Tibia
2.Fibula
3.Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
4.Inferior transverse ligament

Front 3

Name the 3 ligaments associated with the distal tibiofibular joint

Back 3

1. Interosseous tibiofibular ligament
2. Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
3. Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament

Front 4

what shape is the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament?

Back 4

Triangular

Front 5

What shape is the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament?

Back 5

Quadrilateral

Front 6

What is another name for the deep fibers of the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament?

Back 6

Inferior transverse ligament

Front 7

List the four ligaments that comprise the deltoid ligament (medial collateral ligament)

Back 7

1. Anterior tibiotalar ligament
2. Posterior tibiotalar ligament
3. Tibiocalcaneal ligament
4. Tibionavicular ligament

Front 8

Which one of the deltoid ligament lies deep? What does it lie deep to?

Back 8

Anterior tibiotalar.
It lies deep to the tibionavicular ligament

Front 9

What is the Superior attachment of all four deltoid ligaments

Back 9

Anterior surface (colliculus), apex, and posteioir surface (colliculus) of medial malleolus

Front 10

Where does the anterior tibiotalar ligament insert?

Back 10

Medial surface of the talus

Front 11

Where does the posterior tibiotalar ligament insert? What does it help form?

Back 11

Medial tubercle of the posterior process of talus.
It helps form the groove for the flexor hallucis longus.

Front 12

Where does the tibiocalcaneal ligament insert?

Back 12

Sustentaculum Tali

Front 13

Where does the tibionavicular ligament insert? What other ligament does it blend with? Which other deltoid ligament does it overlie?

Back 13

Tuberosity of the navicular.
It blends with the spring ligament.
It overlies the anterior tibiotalar ligament

Front 14

Which of the deltoid ligaments is the strongest?

Back 14

Tibiocalcaneal

Front 15

Which of the deltoid ligaments is the weakest?

Back 15

Tibionavicular

Front 16

The tendons of two muscle lie superficial to the deltoid ligament, name them.

Back 16

1. Tibialis posterior
2. Flexor digitorum longus

Front 17

Name the three ligaments that make up the lateral collateral ligament

Back 17

1. Calcaneofibular
2. Anteroir talofibular
3. Posterior talofibular

Front 18

Describe the attachments of the calcaneofibular ligament. It is covered by two tendons, name them.

Back 18

Apex of the lateral malleolus extending to an unnamed tubercle on the lateral surface of the calcaneus.
It is covered by the tendons of the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis

Front 19

Describe the attachment of the anterior talofibular ligament

Back 19

Anteroir margin of lateral malleolus to the neck of the talus.
It overhangs the tarsal sinus.

Front 20

Describe the attachment of the posterior talofibular ligament

Back 20

Its fibers course horizontally between the lateral malleolar fossa and the lateral tubercle of the posterior surface of the talus.

Front 21

Which is the weakest of the 3 lateral collateral ligaments?

Back 21

Calcaneofibular

Front 22

What is unique about the anterior talofibular ligament?

Back 22

Most commonly injured during inversion ankle sprain and it is the shortest of the lateral collaterals.

Front 23

What is unique about the posterior talofibular ligament?

Back 23

It is the deepest and strongest of the lateral collaterals.
It also helps form the groover for the flexor hallucis longus

Front 24

Describe the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament

Back 24

It attaches to the lateral malleolar fossa, the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus, and the dorsal surface of the posterior third of the talus.
It helps to form the tunnel for the flexor hallucis longus

Front 25

Describe the variation of the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament

Back 25

60% well defined
20% poorly defined
20% replaced by deep fascia

Front 26

List the four intertarsal joints

Back 26

1. Talocalcanela
2. Talocalcaneonavicular
3. Calcaneocuboid
4. Great tarsal

Front 27

What type of joint is the subtalar joint (talocalcaneal)?

Back 27

Gliding or plane type

Front 28

List the 5 ligaments of the talocalcaneal joint

Back 28

1. Medial talocalcanel
2. Lateral talocalcaneal
3. Anterior talocalcaneal
4. Posterior talocalcaneal
5. Interosseous talocalcaneal

Front 29

Describe the attachment of the medial talocalcaneal ligament. What other structures does its fibers blend with?

Back 29

Medial tubercle of talus to posterior aspect of sustentaculum tali, it blends with the deltoid ligament which lies superficial and the interosseous talocalcaneal which lies deep.

Front 30

Describe the attachment of hte lateral talocalcaneal ligament

Back 30

Extends between the lateral tubercule of talus and the dorsal surface of posterior third of calcaneus

Front 31

Describe the attachment of the lateral talocalcaneal ligament

Back 31

Lateral surface of talus beneath fibular facet to the lateral surface of the calcaneus anterior and superior to the attachment of the calcaneofibular ligament

Front 32

Describe the attachment of the interosseous talocalcanela ligament

Back 32

Lies within the tarsal canal, courses obliquely from sulcus tali to slucus calcanei

Front 33

Describe the attachment of the anterior talocalcaneal ligament

Back 33

It attaches to the neck of the talus. Thus it is called the cervical ligament

Front 34

What does the anterior talocalcaneal ligament (cervical) do?

Back 34

Helps check over inversion.

Front 35

List the four ligaments that help make up the talocalcaneonavicular joint

Back 35

1. Interosseous talocalcaneal
2. Dorsal talonavicular ligament
3. Calcaneonavicular part of the bifurcate ligament
4. Spring ligament

Front 36

Describe the attachment of the dorsal talonavicular ligament

Back 36

Neck of talus to dorsal surface of navicular

Front 37

Name the two parts of the bifurcate ligament

Back 37

1. Calcaneocuboid
2. Calcaneonavicular

Front 38

Describe the attachment of the calcaneonavicular portion of the bifurcate ligament

Back 38

The stem blends with the cervical ligament at the tarsal sinus it passes anteromedially to attach to the dorsal srface of the navicular.

Front 39

Describe the attachment of the calcaneocuboid portion of the bifurcate ligament

Back 39

The stem blends with the cervical ligament at the tarsal sinus then courses anterolaterlally to the medial surface of the cuboid

Front 40

Describe the attachment of the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament

Back 40

Anterior surface of sustentaculum tali to the plantar surface of navicular and the navicular tuberosity

Front 41

What other structues is the spring ligament in contact with? why?

Back 41

Tibionavicular and tibocalcaneal ligaments and the tendon of the tibialis posterior. They help strengthen and support the spring ligament.

Front 42

What is the function of the spring ligament?

Back 42

It is very strong, it suppolrts the head of the talus. This maintains the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

Front 43

What happens is the spring ligament is stretched?

Back 43

The medial longitudinal arch flattens

Front 44

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid?

Back 44

Saddle type of synovial joint

Front 45

Name the 5 ligaments that are part of the calcaneocuboid joint

Back 45

1. Calcaneocuboid part of bifurcate
2. Long plantar
3. Plantar calcaneocuboid (short)
4. Dorsal calcaneocuboid
5. Lateral calcaneocuboid (variable)

Front 46

Describe the attachment of the long plantar ligament

Back 46

The medial and lateral processes of the calcaneal tuberosity and the depression between. It splits into superficial and deep fibers. Deep fibers attach to the peroneal ridge, Superficial fibers course over and attach to bases of mets 2, 3, and 4, and sometimes 5

Front 47

What is unique about the long plantar ligament?

Back 47

Longest ligament of foot

Front 48

Describe the attachment of the plantar calcaneocuboid ligament

Back 48

Anterior tubercle of calcaneus to the cuboid just posterior to the peroneal ridge and beak of the coronoid process

Front 49

What is the purpose of the short and long plantar ligaments?

Back 49

To support the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot

Front 50

List the 3 classes of joints that the great tarsal joint consists of

Back 50

1. Intertarsal
2. Tarsometatarsal
3. Intermetatarsal

Front 51

Which bones participate in the great tarsal joint?

Back 51

All tarsal bones but talus and calcaneus and mets 2, 3, and 4
A single articular capsule surrounds all of the bones involved.

Front 52

What are the two variations in articulations of the great tarsal joint?

Back 52

1. The articulation between the 3rd and 4th met is not part of the great tarsal joint in some feet
2. The cuboid and navicular articulate within the great tarsal joint in some feet.

Front 53

How many functional intertarsal joints are there?

Back 53

Two
1.Functional subtalar
2. Transverse talar

Front 54

What is the functional subtalar joing comprised of?

Back 54

Anatomical subtalar joint
Talocalcaneal portion of talocalcaneonavicular joint

Front 55

What comprises the transverse tarsal joint, also known as the midtarsal joint?

Back 55

Calcaneocuboid joint
Talonavicular portion of talocalcaneonavicular joint

Front 56

Which functional joints does the talocalcaneonavicular joint participate in

Back 56

Both the subtalar and transverse tarsal

Front 57

Which functional joint does the great tarsal joint participate in?

Back 57

None

Front 58

Which two bones are anterior to the transverse tarsal joint?Which are posterior?

Back 58

Anterior-Cuboid and navicular
Posterior-Talus and Calcaneus

Front 59

Name the three joint cavities for the tarsometatarsal articulations

Back 59

1. Medial tarsometatarsal joint
2. Great tarsal joint
3. Lateral tarsometatarsal joint

Front 60

What Structures do the plantar tarsometatarsal ligaments blend with?

Back 60

1. Long plantar ligament
2. Tendon of tibialis posterior

Front 61

How many interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments are there?

Back 61

Three
1. Second met-medial cuneiform is Lisfranc's
2. Sedond met-lateral cuneiform
3. Fourth met lateral cuneiform

Front 62

What is the functional tarsometatarsal joint?

Back 62

Lisfranc's joint
It refers to all three antomical joints. Medial and lateral tarsometatarsal and the great tarsal

Front 63

How many ligaments support the articulation between two metatarsals?

Back 63

Three
Planter intermetatarsal
Dorsal intermetatarsal
Interosseous intermetatarsal

Front 64

The heads of all 5 metatarsals are united by what ligament?

Back 64

Deep transverse metatarsal ligament Also known as intercapitular ligament

Front 65

Which muscle structures does the deep transverse metatarsal ligament separate?

Back 65

Lumbricals which pass plantarly and interosei which pass dorsally.

Front 66

What four ligaments do all the 5 MP joints have

Back 66

1. Articular capsule
2. Medial collateral ligament
3. Lateral collateral ligament
4. Glenoid ligament

Front 67

T or F there are dorsal MP ligaments?

Back 67

False

Front 68

What are glenoid ligaments?

Back 68

Plantar MP ligaments

Front 69

What is plantar plate?

Back 69

Each glenoid ligament contains a cartilagenous pad adhered tightly to the base of the phalanges

Front 70

What percentage of the population has two IP joints in the fifth toe?

Back 70

60%
In 40 % the the middle and distal phalanges of the fifth toe are fused, so there is only one IP joint

Front 71

What type of joints are MP joints?

Back 71

Ellipsoid

Front 72

What type of joints are IP joints?

Back 72

Hinge

Front 73

What four ligaments do IP joints share?

Back 73

1. Articular capsule
2. Medial collateral ligament
3. Lateral collateral ligament
4. Plantar interphalangeal ligament