Ligaments

Front 1

runs from the crest of alveolar bone to the cementum in the region of cej. Retain the tooth in the socket and oppose lateral forces

Back 1

alveolar crest fibers

Front 2

course at right angles to the long axis of the tooth, from cementum to the bone. restrain lateral tooth movement

Back 2

horizontal fibers

Front 3

runs in upward direction, from cementum to bone. most numerous fibers. resist forces placed on long axis of toohe

Back 3

oblique fibers

Front 4

radiate outward from apical cementum and insert into surrounding bone. prevent tooth from tipping, resist luxation, protect the blood, lymph, and nerve supplies

Back 4

apical fibers

Front 5

found in multirooted teeth, course form cementum of root and insert into interradicular septum. Resist tipping and twisting

Back 5

interrdicular fibers

Front 6

located interproximally above the crest of alveolar bone between the teeth. originate in the cervical cementum of one tooth and insert into the cervical cementum of the adjacent tooth. support the interpoximal gingiva and to aid in securing the position of the adjacent tooth

Back 6

transseptal fibers aka interdental fibers

Front 7

located in the lamina propria (connective tissues of the gingiva). Support the marginal tissues to maintain the relation to the tooth. Divided into four groups

Back 7

gingival fiber groups

Front 8

extend from the cervical cementum outward and upward into the lamina propria

Back 8

dentogingival fibers

Front 9

extend upward from the alveolar crest into the lamina propria

Back 9

alveologingival fibers

Front 10

form a band around the neck of the tooth and are interlaced by other groups of fibers in the unattached gingiva

Back 10

circular fibers

Front 11

extend facially and lingually from the cementum, pass over the crest of the aloveolar bone, and insert into the periosteum of the alveolar process. Support the tooth and gingiva

Back 11

dentoperiosteal fibers