Life Span Growth & Development Ch. 25 Late Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Front 1

Self Theories

Back 1

Theories of late adulthood that emphasize the core self, or the search to maintain one's integrity and identity.

Front 2

Integrity Versus Despair

Back 2

The final stage of Erik Erikson's development sequence, in which older adults seek to integrate their unique experiences with their vision of community.

Front 3

Positivity Effect

Back 3

The tendency for elderly people to perceive, prefer, and remember positive images and experiences more than negative ones.

Front 4

Stratification Theories

Back 4

Theories that emphasize that social forces, particularly those related to a person's social stratum or social category, limit individual choices and affect the ability to function in late adulthood as past stratification continues to limit life in various ways.

Front 5

Disengagement Theory

Back 5

The view that aging makes a person's social sphere increasingly narrow, resulting in role relinquishment, withdrawal, and passivity.

Front 6

Activity Theory

Back 6

The view that elderly people want and need to remain active in a variety of social spheres - with relatives, friends, and community groups - and become withdrawn only unwillingly, as a result of ageism.

Front 7

Dynamic Theories

Back 7

Theories of psychosocial development that emphasize change and readjustment rather than either the ongoing self or the impact of stratification. Each person's life is seen as an active, ever-changing, largely self-propelled process, occurring within specific social contexts that are also constantly changing.

Front 8

Continuity Theory

Back 8

The theory that each person experiences the changes of late adulthood and behaves toward others in much the same way he or she did in earlier periods of life.

Front 9

Age In Place

Back 9

Refers to a preference of elderly people to remain in the same home and community, adjusting but not leaving when health fades.

Front 10

AARP

Back 10

The US organization of people aged 50 and older, which advocates for the elderly. It was originally called the American Association of Retired Person, but now only the initials AARP are used, to reflect the fact that the organization's members do not have to be retired.

Front 11

Social Convoy

Back 11

Collectively, the family members, friends, acquaintances, and even strangers who move through life with an individual.

Front 12

Filial Responsibility

Back 12

The idea that adult children are obligated to care for their aging parents.

Front 13

Frail Elderly

Back 13

People over age 65 who are physically infirm, very ill, or cognitively impaired.

Front 14

Activities of Daily Life (ADLs)

Back 14

Actions that are important to independent living, typically consisting of five tasks of self-care: eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, and transferring from a bed to a chair. The inability to perform any of the tasks is a sign of frailty.

Front 15

Instrumental Activities of Daily Life (IADLs)

Back 15

Actions that are important to independent living and that require some intellectual competence and forethought. The ability to perform these tasks may be even more critical to self-sufficiency than ADL ability.

Front 16

Respite Care

Back 16

An arrangement in which a professional caregiver relieves a frail elderly person's usually family caregiver for a few hours each day or for an occasional weekend.

Front 17

Assisted Living

Back 17

A living arrangement for elderly people that combines privacy and independence with medical supervision.

Front 18

Explain the central premise of self theories of psychosocial development during late adulthood.

Back 18

Peopel in late adulthood can choose to define and express themselves more freely than in earlier periods of life because external pressures are reduced.

Front 19

Name the three major stratification categories or ways a society may organize people according to stratification theories.

Back 19

1) Age
2) Gender
3) Ethnicity

Front 20

Name two stratification theories that use age to organize people.

Back 20

1) Disengagement Theory - older adults avoid life's hustle and bustle and choose to disengage or care less
2) Activity Theory - elderly seek to remain active and if they do disengage or withdraw it is unwillingly

Front 21

What is the best known dynamic theory of psychosocial development during late adulthood.

Back 21

Continuity Theory - focuses on the dynamic relation between the individual and the circumstances (social and biological change).

Front 22

What activities are peopl in late adulthood likely to engage in when coping with retirement.

Back 22

1) household roles (better if husband and wife both retire same time to continue roles)
2) home & garden projects
3) continuing education
4) volunteer work
5) religious involvement
6) political activism

Front 23

Name some benefits of long-term relationships during the late adulthood years.

Back 23

Friends provide emotional & psychological support as well as practical help which results in the person:
1) live longer
2) healthier
3) happier

Front 24

How does marriage in late adulthood benefit the individuals?

Back 24

1) buffers against the problems of old age
2) extends life - healthier
3) wealthier
4) happier

Front 25

How does loosing a spouse differ for men than from women?

Back 25

1) Women tend to have more friends to help with the loss - there are more widows than widowers
2) Widows enjoy the independence and feel more supported by family
3) Widows struggle more with reduced status, activity, identity, and income
4) Widowers have fewer friends and feel less supported
5) Widowers more often seek to remarry
6) Widowers are more likely to be physically ill or socially isolated following the death of the spouse
7) Widowers struggle with household tasks of cleaning, cooking, etc.

Front 26

Care giver stress can sometimes lead to what when social support is lacking?

Back 26

Elder abuse

Front 27

What are the 5 ADL's?

Back 27

1) Eating
2) Bathing
3) Toileting
4) Dressing
5) Transferring from a bed to a chair

Front 28

What are several IADL's?

Back 28

1) Managing medications
2) Shopping for necessities
3) Managing one's finances
4) Using transportation
5) Using the telephone
6) Maintaining one's household
7) Meal preparation and nutrition

Front 29

What is crucial marker of frailty?

Back 29

The inability to perform, safely and adequately, the physical and cognitive tasks of self care needed to maintain independence, or the 5 ADL's.