Life Scinec Chapter 10:1-2

Front 1

All plants are ____________ celled.

Back 1

multi

Front 2

Most plants contain a green pigment called ______________

Back 2

chlorophyll

Front 3

___________ ___________ surrond plant cells nad give them structure.

Back 3

cell walls

Front 4

What holds plants to the ground so they don't move?

Back 4

roots or root-like structures

Front 5

Plants are ____________ that have ________ to life on land?

Back 5

eukaryotes
adapted

Front 6

About _______________ species of plants have been indentified.

Back 6

285000

Front 7

Fossils of _________ _________ represent the earliest plants known.

Back 7

Rhynia Major

Front 8

Rhynia Major had no ________ and thier __________ grew underground.

Back 8

leaves
stems

Front 9

Plant cells have rigid cell wall in addition to _________ ______________.

Back 9

cell membranes

Front 10

Cell walls are made of _________ and ______________.

Back 10

cellulose and orgnaic compounds of long chains of sugar molecules.

Front 11

Cell walls do not only Provide structure and support they keep the cell from __________________.

Back 11

drying out

Front 12

What is the waxy protective layer called?

Back 12

cuticle

Front 13

Simple plants require _________ to reporduce.

Back 13

water

Front 14

What are the advantages to plants living on land?

Back 14

More sunlight for photosynthesis and more carbon dioxide

Front 15

Plants are classified into ___________.

Back 15

divisions

Front 16

Divisons have the same level as a ____________ in the Protist Kingdom.

Back 16

phylum

Front 17

The most simple plants belong to the division __________. Some examples are?

Back 17

Bryophyta
mosses and liverworts

Front 18

Why do Bryophytes have only a few cells?

Back 18

so it is easier for them to absorb water through thier cell walls

Front 19

Plants with vessels are ___________ ______________.

Back 19

Vascular plants

Front 20

Plants without vessels are ______________ ______________.

Back 20

nonvascular plants

Front 21

Nonvascular plants do not have?

Back 21

roots, stems, or leaves

Front 22

Instead of growing from seeds Bryphyetes grow from?

Back 22

spores

Front 23

____________- is a simple rootless plant that has a flattened, leaf body.

Back 23

Moss

Front 24

How are mosses held in place?

Back 24

by root-like filaments or fibers made up of a few long cells called rhzoids

Front 25

A ___________ is a simple, rootless plant that has a flattened leaf-like body?

Back 25

liverwort

Front 26

How did liverworts get their name?

Back 26

because people though they looked like livers

Front 27

What did people in the ninth century think liverwort was useful for?

Back 27

in the treatment of diseased of the liver thus the last word- wort

Front 28

Structures that stick out of moss are called _______- __________________

Back 28

moss sporophytes

Front 29

Describe a Sporophyte?

Back 29

include a stalk and a capsule in which numerous haploid spores are produced

Front 30

What happens to the capsule?

Back 30

it eventually breaks and the spores are scattered

Front 31

A _____________ is the form of a moss plant that produces sex cells.

Back 31

gametophyte

Front 32

Sometimes a gametophyte poduces only ______ and ____ but it usually produces ________.

Back 32

male
female
both

Front 33

During a heavy dew of rain the __________ _________ gets splashed onto the _________ ____________.

Back 33

male sperm
female gametophyte

Front 34

The __________ divides by _______________ to form an embryo

Back 34

zygote
mitosis

Front 35

The embryo turns into a ______________ and the cycle begin again.

Back 35

sporophyte

Front 36

Describe alteration of generation?

Back 36

alternating between the spore producing phase and sex-cell producing stage

Front 37

All plants go through _________ and a __________ stage.

Back 37

diploid
haploid

Front 38

Mosses and liverworts are among the first plants to grow after?

Back 38

fire

Front 39

The first plants to grow in new areas are called?

Back 39

pioneer plants

Front 40

Pioneer plants grow and die and build up plant material needed for?

Back 40

survival

Front 41

The vascular tissues in seeles vascular plants are made of?

Back 41

long tube like cells

Front 42

Why can plants with vascular tissue get bigger?

Back 42

because thier cells get thier water and nutrients through vascular tissue

Front 43

Seedless vascular plants include?

Back 43

spike mosses; horsetails, and ferns

Front 44

ferns are very ___________ with at least _________ species.

Back 44

abundant
120000

Front 45

Club mosses produce spores at the end of the tems in structures that look like tiny?

Back 45

pinecones

Front 46

One type of club moss is _________________.

Back 46

Lycopodium

Front 47

Lycopdium is found in the?

Back 47

Artic Tropics

Front 48

An __________ is a plant that grows on another plant for support.

Back 48

epiphyte

Front 49

Horsetaisls atems are jointed and have a ____ center surrounded by a ring of ________ ___________.

Back 49

hollow
vascualr tissue

Front 50

What is silica?

Back 50

a gritty substance found in sand when pioneers traveled across the us.

Front 51

The largest group of seeless vascular plants is the divison _____________, the __________.

Back 51

Pterophyta
ferns

Front 52

Fern has leaves that grow above the ground from an undergound stem called the?

Back 52

rhizome

Front 53

Roots are gown from the rhyizome to?

Back 53

anchor the plant to the ground

Front 54

The leaf of a fern is called a?

Back 54

frond

Front 55

Why are young fronds sometimes called fiddle heads?

Back 55

because thier curled shapte looks similar to the tops of violins or fiddles

Front 56

What are sori?

Back 56

strutures on the lower sides of the mature fronds

Front 57

What do sotri's look like?

Back 57

crusty rust brown or blackish bumps