Life Science

Front 1

What is the building block most organisms are made up of?

Back 1

Cells

Front 2

What are cells made up of?

Back 2

They are made up of molecules, mainly proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and water.

Front 3

What instrument is used to observe cells?

Back 3

A compound microscope.

Front 4

What is a another name for a compound microscope?

Back 4

Light microscope.

Front 5

When and Where was the first microscope invented?

Back 5

It was invented in Europe in the 1600s

Front 6

Who made the first microscope?

Back 6

Anton van Leeuwenhoek made the first microscope.

Front 7

Who invented the first microscope with 2 lenses?

Back 7

Robert Hooke was the person who made the first microscope with 2 lenses.

Front 8

How did the compound microscope help to progress science?

Back 8

It was used to make the discovery that yeast is a living fungus.

It was used to discover the bacteria that causes tuberculosis and cholera.

It was also helped the scientists in various branches such as agriculture veterinary science and geology to make many new discoveries.

Front 9

What are the two kinds of electron microscopes?

Back 9

Transmission electron microscope and Scanning electron microscope.

Front 10

What are the disadvantages of an electron microscope?

Back 10

Is very expensive.

Is difficult to use.

Is difficult to prepare specimens for observation and the preparation takes a long time.

Cannot be used to observe live specimens because the preparation and staining kill the cells.

Front 11

What does the cell theory state?

Back 11

All known living organisms are made of cells so the cell is the unit of structure of all living organisms.

All cells come from pre-existing cells by division; they never just appear.

Cells contain hereditary* material, which passes from cell to cell during cell division.

The cells of all living organisms have similar chemistry.

All the chemistry of life happens inside cells.

Front 12

Name all the parts of the Light Miroscope.

Back 12

Front 13

What is the formula for total magnifying?

Back 13

Power of eyepiece x power of objective = total magnifying power

Front 14

Label the plant cell.

Back 14

Front 15

What is the cell wall?

Back 15

The outermost boundary of plant cells is the cell wall. The cell wall a tough bu flexible structure that gives the cell support.

Front 16

What are the strands of the cell wall made up of.

Back 16

Carbohydrates and Cellulose.

Front 17

What is the cell membrane?

Back 17

It forms a boundary that surrounds the cytoplasm, it keeps all the parts of the cell together.

Front 18

The cell membrane consists of:

Back 18

three main types of molecules called phospholod, protein and carbohydrates.

Front 19

What does Hydrophobic?

Back 19

It means that water is being repelled.

Front 20

What does Hydrophilic?

Back 20

It means attracted to water.

Front 21

What is it called when molecules use energy provided by the cell to move across the cell membrane?

Back 21

This is called active transport.

Front 22

What are the processes that kinetic energy move by called?

Back 22

Diffusion and Osmosis.

Front 23

Define diffusion.

Back 23

It is the random movement of one type of molecules from a region of a high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Front 24

What is osmosis?

Back 24

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane that separates two solutions of different strength.

Front 25

The cell membrane has 2 different kinds of proteins that actively transport substances.

Back 25

Channel proteins and Transport proteins.

Front 26

What are the examples of active transport in living organisms?

Back 26

Plants taking minerals from the soil.

The movement of sodium and potassium ions.

Front 27

Label the nucleus

Back 27

Front 28

What is DNA?

Back 28

Is an organic compound that contains genes.

Front 29

What is the cytoplasm?

Back 29

The whole of the inside of the cell except the nucleus.

Front 30

What is cytosol?

Back 30

Is the watery matrix of the cytoplasm.

Front 31

What is the constant movement of cytoplasm called?

Back 31

It's called cyclosis.

Front 32

What is the mitochondria?

Back 32

They change the energy in organic compounds such as glucose into a form of energy that cells can use.

Front 33

What makes the molecules of ATP.

Back 33

The Cristae

Front 34

What is ATP used for.

Back 34

It holds energy obtained from glucose during a process called cellular respiration.

Front 35

What are ribosomes?

Back 35

They are very small structures in the cell.

Front 36

What are ribosomes made up from.

Back 36

Ribosomal RNA.

Front 37

Some ribosomes are found in the:

Back 37

In the cytosol.

Attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Inside the mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Front 38

Name the three types of plastids.

Back 38

Leucoplasts, Chloroplasts and Chromoplasts.

Front 39

Describe a Leucoplast.

Back 39

Have no colour and store starch.

Front 40

Describe Chloroplasts.

Back 40

Are green plastids that contain the pigment chlorophyll.

Front 41

Describe Chromoplasts.

Back 41

Are plastids that contain orange or red pigments.

Front 42

Label the Chloroplast.

Back 42

Front 43

Label the Chromoplasts.

Back 43