Life Science 💗

Front 1

Explain why the cytoplasm of the cell is so important (what happens there?)

Back 1

The cytoplasm is important because ribosomes are located there and that is where proteins are produced

Front 2

What are homologous structures?

Back 2

Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor

Front 3

Give an example of a plant/animal adapting to its environment to survive.

Back 3

a bear growing a thick coat of fur for the winter

Front 4

Define species

Back 4

Any group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring

Front 5

Which organelles are not found in animal cells but are found in the plant cells?

Back 5

the cell wall and the chloroplast.

Front 6

Define dominant allele?

Back 6

The allele that always shows up in the organism is the dominant allele

Front 7

What is the RNA strand for the DNA strand TACCGTAGCTG?

Back 7

AUGGCAUCGAC

Front 8

Define mutation

Back 8

A mutation is any change in a gene or chromosome

Front 9

What is a group of three bases called? (A, G, T, C are bases in DNA/RNA)

Back 9

A group of three bases is called a codon

Front 10

What happens when codominant traits are passed?

Back 10

When codominant traits are passed, neither trait is recessive or dominant; both will show

Front 11

Define genotype

Back 11

A genotype is the organism’s genetic make up

Front 12

Define allele

Back 12

Alleles are different forms of genes

Front 13

Define homozygous

Back 13

An organism that is homozygous has the same alleles (AA or aa)

Front 14

What is half-life?

Back 14

The rate at which half of the atoms in radioactive elements decay

Front 15

What happens to a species when they go extinct?

Back 15

A species is extinct when there are no more members of that species

Front 16

Define variation

Back 16

Variations are changes or differences in organisms of the same species

Front 17

Name the bases of DNA and what they pair with

Back 17

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C)

- A pairs with T

- G pairs with C

Front 18

Explain what happens during passive transport

Back 18

During passive transport, small molecules pass through the cell without using the cell’s energy

Front 19

What process do plants perform to make food from sunlight?

Back 19

Photosynthesis is the process plants perform to make food from sunlight

Front 20

Define natural selection

Back 20

Natural selection is the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environments are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species. It is also known as survival of the fittest.

Front 21

How does a petrified fossil form?

Back 21

A petrified fossil forms when the organism’s remains are replaced by minerals that harden over time to form rock

Front 22

When turtles lay too many eggs even though they know some of the young will not survive is an example of what?

Back 22

Overproduction

Front 23

Define evolution

Back 23

Evolution is the gradual change of an organism over time

Front 24

What is Life Science also known as?

Back 24

Life Science is also known as Biology

Front 25

Define data

Back 25

Data are the facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations

Front 26

What is a qualitative observation?

Back 26

A qualitative observation is an observation that deals with a number or amount

Front 27

Give 2 examples of a qualitative observation

Back 27

1) There are 26 students in the classroom

2) Out of 100 cars on the lot, only 4 of them are red

Front 28

Define cell

Back 28

Cells are the building blocks of living things and carry out the basic functions of life

Front 29

What is the control center of the cell?

Back 29

The control center of the cell is the nucleus

Front 30

What are the two unanswered questions about evolution?

Back 30

The two unanswered questions about evolution are mass extinctions and the rate at which evolution occurs

Front 31

Explain what Francesco Redi’s experiment helped disprove.

Back 31

Redi’s experiment helped disprove the theory of spontaneous generation, which states that living things can arise from non-living things

Front 32

What are the three domains of living things?

Back 32

The three domains of living things are Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea

Front 33

What is a multicellular organism?

Back 33

A multicellular organism is an organism that is made up of many cells

Front 34

Define variable.

Back 34

A variable is a factor that can change in an experiment

Front 35

Define heterotroph.

Back 35

A heterotroph is an organism that depends on other things for food

Front 36

When giving an organism its scientific name, what must be written first?

Back 36

An organism’s scientific name always starts with the genus

Front 37

What are cells and explain their importance.

Back 37

Cells are important because they carry out life’s functions

Front 38

Cells were first discovered using what type of microscope?

Back 38

Cells were discovered using the compound microscope

Front 39

What is a compound microscope and how many lenses does it have?

Back 39

A microscope is an instrument that makes objects look bigger; a compound microscope has more than 2 lenses to greatly increase magnification

Front 40

Define classification

Back 40

Classification is the process of grouping things based on similarities

Front 41

What must you pose a question from when following the steps of the scientific method?

Back 41

You must gather your questions from your observations

Front 42

Define osmosis

Back 42

Osmosis is the process in which water molecules pass through the cell membrane without using energy

Front 43

What job does the chloroplast do?

Back 43

The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis

Front 44

What process produces carbon dioxide, respiration or photosynthesis?

Back 44

respiration

Front 45

Explain what happens to the chromosomes during metaphase.

Back 45

During metaphase, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Front 46

Explain what happens to the chromosomes during anaphase.

Back 46

During anaphase, the chromosomes are pulled at the centromere towards opposite ends of the cell

Front 47

Explain what happens to the cell during interphase.

Back 47

During interphase, the cell grows to its mature size after organelles have been copied

Front 48

What does the chromosome theory of inheritance say about genes?

Back 48

The chromosome theory of inheritance states that genes are passed from parent to offspring on chromosomes

Front 49

person who is AA or aa for a genotype is heterozygous or homozygous? A person who is Aa is heterozygous or homozygous?

Back 49

A person with a genotype AA/aa is homozygous. A person with a genotype Aa is heterozygous

Front 50

What are the 4 bases of RNA?

Back 50

Uracil (U), Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)