Lesson I-13

Front 1

cerebral cortex--

Back 1

part of the brain that consists of the cellular layers on the outer surface of the cerebral hemispheres; cells of the cerebral cortex are gray matter; their axons extending inward are white matter

Front 2

corpus callosum--

Back 2

bundle of axons that connect the two cerebral hemispheres

Front 3

anterior commissure--

Back 3

bundle of axons connecting the tow cerebral hemispheres

Front 4

laminae--

Back 4

layers of cell bodies that are parallel to the surface of the cortex and separated from each other by layers of fibers.

Front 5

columns--

Back 5

cells of the cortex are organized in this manner-- perpendicular to the laminae.

Front 6

occipital lobe--

Back 6

located at the posterior end of the cortex; involved in vision

Front 7

parietal lobe--

Back 7

lies between the occipital lobe and central sulcus

Front 8

central sulcus--

Back 8

one of the deepest grooves in the surface of the cortex; between the frontal lobe and parietal lobe

Front 9

postcentral gyrus--

Back 9

also know as the primary somatosensory cortex; the primary target for touch sensation and information form muscles-stretch receptors and joint receptors

Front 10

temporal lobe--

Back 10

lateral portion of each hemisphere, near the temples; involved in hearing, language, and emotional behaviors

Front 11

Kluver-Bucy syndrome--

Back 11

set of behaviors caused by temporal lobe damage; monkeys with KB syndrome fail to display normal fears and anxieties (e.g. picking up snakes and touching lighted matches)

Front 12

frontal lobe--

Back 12

contains the primary motor cortex and prefrontal cortex

Front 13

precentral gyrus--

Back 13

most posterior portion of the fronal lobe just anterior to the central sulcus; specialized for the control of dine movements (e.g. moving one finger at a time)

Front 14

prefrontal cortex--

Back 14

most anterior portion of the frontal lobe

Front 15

prefrontal lobotomy--

Back 15

surgical disconnection of the prefrontal cortex from the rest of the brain; used to help people who suffered from severe, untreatable psychiatric disorders. Some of the consequences of prefrontal lobotomy were apathy, a loss of the ability to plan and take initiative, memory disorders, distractibility, lack of social inhibition, and loss of emotional expressions.

Front 16

delayed-response task--

Back 16

working memory task (measures the ability to remember recent stimuli and events); stimulus appears briefly, and after some delay, the individual must respond to the remembered stimulus; the prefronal cortex is essential for this task.

Front 17

binding problem--

Back 17

the question of how the visual, auditory, and other areas of your brain produce perception of a single object

Front 18

gamma waves--

Back 18

rapis activity in respinse to presented stimuli; activity ranges in frequency at various times from 30 to 80 action potentials per second.