Lesson 8

Front 1

-ae

Back 1

First Declension
Singular
ex. viscae
meaning - of the bladder

Front 2

-i

Back 2

second declension
singular
ex. uteri
of the uterus

Front 3

-orum

Back 3

second declension
plural
ex. neonatorum
of newborns

Front 4

-is

Back 4

Third declension
singular
ex. dentis
of the tooth

Front 5

GENITIVE SINGULAR

Back 5

The genitive singular of nouns of the first, second, and third declensions is sometimes found in descriptive ter-minology and can be translated by the word “of”: coro-na capitis (coro na, crown, caput, capitis, head), crown of the head.

Front 6

singular
-us
plural
i

Back 6

first and second declensions
masculine
ex. fungus, fungi

Front 7

singular
-a
plural
-ae

Back 7

first and second declension
feminine
ex. larva, ;arvae

Front 8

singular
-um
plural
-a

Back 8

first and second declension
neuture
ex. ovum, ova

Front 9

singular
-s*
plural
-es

Back 9

Third declension
masculine/feminine
ex. cervix, cervices*

Front 10

singular
*
plural
-(i)a

Back 10

third declension
neuter
ex. viscus, viscera*

Front 11

singular
-us
plural
-us

Back 11

fourth declension
masculine
ex. meatus, meatus

Front 12

singular
-u
plural
-ua

Back 12

fourth declension
neuter
ex. genu, genua

Front 13

singular
-es
plural
-es

Back 13

fifth declension
feminine
ex. rabies, rabies

Front 14

extra-

Back 14

meaning: on the outside, beyond
ex. extra-sensory

Front 15

in-(il- before l; im- before b, m, and p; ir- before r):

Back 15

meaning: in, into
ex. in-cubation

Front 16

in-

Back 16

meaning: not:
ex. in-continence

Front 17

in- (il- before l; im- before b, m, and p; ir- before r):

Back 17

meaning: very, thoroughly
ex. in-duration

Front 18

infra-

Back 18

meaning: beneath, below
ex.infra-maxillary

Front 19

ab-

Back 19

latin prefix
(a- rarely before certain consonants; abs- before c and t): away from
ex. ab-ductor

Front 20

ad-

Back 20

latin prefix
(ac- before c; af- before f; ag- before g; al- before l; an- before n; ap- before p; as-before s; a- before sp; at-before t): to, toward:
ex. ad-aptation

Front 21

ambi-

Back 21

latin prefix
both
ex. ambi-dextrous

Front 22

ante-

Back 22

latin prefix
before, forward
ex. ante-febrile

Front 23

bi-

Back 23

latin prefix
(bin-, bis-) two, twice, double, both
ex. bi-furcate

Front 24

circum-

Back 24

latin prefix
around
ex. circum-articular

Front 25

con-

Back 25

latin prefix
(co- before h; col- before l; com- before e, m, and p; cor- before r): together, with; thoroughly, very:
ex. con-genital

Front 26

contra-

Back 26

latin prefix
against, opposite
ex. contra-ception

Front 27

de-

Back 27

latin prefix
down, away, from, absent
ex. de-generation

Front 28

dis-

Back 28

latin prefix
(di- before g, v, and usually before l; dif- before f):
ex. dis-infect

Front 29

ex-

Back 29

latin prefix
(e- before certain consonants; ef- before f): out of,
ex. ex-halation

Front 30

inter-

Back 30

latin prefix
between
ex. inter-costal

Front 31

intra-

Back 31

latin prefix
(rarely intro-) within
ex. intra-gastric

Front 32

non-

Back 32

latin prefix
not
ex. non-conductor

Front 33

multi-

Back 33

latin prefix
(often multi-) many, much, affecting many parts
ex. multi-angular

Front 34

ob-

Back 34

latin prefix
(oc- before c; op- before p) against, toward, very, thoroughly
ex. ob-session

Front 35

per-

Back 35

latin prefix
(pel- before l) through, very, thoroughly
ex. per-manent

Front 36

post-

Back 36

latin prefix
afterm following, behind
ex. post-mortem

Front 37

pre-

Back 37

latin prefix
before, in front of
ex. pre-digestion

Front 38

pro-

Back 38

latin prefix
forward, in front
ex. pro-cedure

Front 39

re-

Back 39

latin prefix
hack, again
ex. re-cess

Front 40

retro-

Back 40

latin prefix
backward, in back, behind
ex. retro-grade

Front 41

se-

Back 41

latin prefix
apart, away from
ex. se-crete

Front 42

semi-

Back 42

latin prefix
half
ex. semi-conscious

Front 43

sub-

Back 43

latin prefix
(suf- before f; sup- before p) under
ex. sub-costal

Front 44

super-

Back 44

latin prefix
(often supra-) over, above, excess
ex. super-ficial

Front 45

trans-

Back 45

latin prefix
across, through
ex. trans-parent

Front 46

ultra-

Back 46

latin prefix
beyond, excess
ex. ultra-sonic

Front 47

uni-

Back 47

combining form/prefix
one
ex. uni-form

Front 48

bi-, bin-, bis-

Back 48

combining form/prefix
two, twice, double, both
ex. bi-modal

Front 49

tri-

Back 49

combining form/prefix
three
ex. bi-cyclic

Front 50

quadr-

Back 50

combining form/prefix
four
ex. quadr-iplegia

Front 51

quint-

Back 51

combining form/prefix
five, fifth
ex. quint-ipara

Front 52

sex-, sext-

Back 52

combining form/prefix
six, sixth
ex. sex-digital

Front 53

sept-

Back 53

combining form/prefix
seven
ex. sept-ane

Front 54

ad-, ada-

Back 54

combining form/prefix
eight
ex. oct-ane

Front 55

non-

Back 55

combining form/prefix
nine, ninth
ex. non-ose

Front 56

dec-, deca-

Back 56

combining form/prefix
ten, one-tenth
ex. dec-inormal

Front 57

-al

Back 57

latin suffix
forms adjectives: pertaining to
ex. dors-al

Front 58

-an

Back 58

latin suffix
pertaining to, located in
ex. medi-an

Front 59

-ar

Back 59

latin suffix
pertaining to, located in
ex. ocul-ar

Front 60

-arium

Back 60

latin suffix
denotes a place for something
ex. aqu-arium

Front 61

-ary

Back 61

latin suffix
pertaining to
ex. libr-ary

Front 62

-ate

Back 62

latin suffix
having to form of, possessing
ex. saliv-ary

Front 63

-ia

Back 63

latin suffix
forms abstract nouns
ex. macrolab-ia

Front 64

-ian

Back 64

latin suffix
indicates an expert in a certain field
ex. librar-ian

Front 65

-ile

Back 65

latin suffix
pertaining to, capable of
ex. sen-ile

Front 66

-ine

Back 66

latin suffix
pertaining to, located in
ex. uter-ine

Front 67

-ive

Back 67

latin suffix
pertaining to
ex. tuss-ive

Front 68

-lent

Back 68

latin suffix
full of
ex. somno-lent

Front 69

-ose

Back 69

latin suffix
full of
ex. adip-ose

Front 70

-ous

Back 70

latin suffix
full of
ex. bili-ous

Front 71

-ty

Back 71

latin suffix
forms abstract nouns
ex. gravi-ty

Front 72

-y

Back 72

latin suffix
forms abstract nouns
memor-y

Front 73

-cle
-culus

Back 73

diminutive suffixes
ex. ventricle
ex. ventriculus

Front 74

-ella
-ellum

Back 74

diminutive suffixes
ex. rubella
ex. cereb

Front 75

-il
-illa

Back 75

diminutive suffixes
ex. fibril
ex. fibrilla

Front 76

-ola
-olus

Back 76

diminutive suffixes
ex. roseola
ex. alveolus

Front 77

-ule
-ulus

Back 77

diminutive suffixes
ex. globule
ex. calculus

Front 78

-AD

Back 78

The English suffix -ad forms adverbs from nouns. These adverbs indicate direction toward a part of the body: dextrad, toward the right side (dextra, the right hand); sinistrad, toward the left side (sinistra, the left hand); cephalad, toward the head (Greek kephal e , head). (See the Etymological Notes in this lesson.)

Front 79

abdommin-

Back 79

combining form
belly, abdomen
ex. abdomin-algia

Front 80

adip-

Back 80

combining form
fat
ex. adip-ose

Front 81

aur-

Back 81

combining form
ear
ex. aur-icular

Front 82

bacill-

Back 82

combining form
[rod, staff] bacillus
ex. bacill-emia

Front 83

burs-

Back 83

combining form
[leather sack] bursa
ex. burs-itis

Front 84

calc-

Back 84

combining form
stone, calcium, lime (salts)
ex. calc-iferous

Front 85

calor-

Back 85

combining form
heat, energy

Front 86

capit-

Back 86

combining form
head
ex. de-capit-ate

Front 87

cerebr-

Back 87

combining form
brain
ex. cerebr-al

Front 88

cost-

Back 88

combining form
rib
ex. cost-algia

Front 89

dent-

Back 89

combining form
tooth
ex. dent-ist

Front 90

dors-

Back 90

combining form
back (of the back)
ex. dors-al

Front 91

extern-

Back 91

combining form
outer
ex. extern-al

Front 92

fibr-

Back 92

combining form
fiber, filament
ex. fibr-ous

Front 93

fistul-

Back 93

combining form
(tube, pipe) fistula, an abnormal tubelike passagein the body
ex. fistul-ectomy

Front 94

frig-, frigor-

Back 94

combining form
cold
ex. re-frig-erate

Front 95

insul-

Back 95

combining form
island
ex. insul-in

Front 96

intern-

Back 96

combining form
inner
ex. intern-al

Front 97

meat-

Back 97

combining form
passage, opening, meatus (pronounced mee-ate' -us)
ex. meat-oscope

Front 98

nas-

Back 98

combining form
nose
ex. nas-al

Front 99

pur-

Back 99

combining form
pus
ex. pur-ulent

Front 100

radic-, rad-, radix

Back 100

combining form
root
ex. radic-es

Front 101

ren-

Back 101

combining form
kidney
ex. ren-ogatsric

Front 102

sangui(N)-

Back 102

combining form
blood
ex. sangui-colous

Front 103

son-

Back 103

combining form
sound
ex.

Front 104

synov-

Back 104

combining form
synovial fluid, synovial membrane or sac
ex. synov-ium

Front 105

tub-

Back 105

combining form
[trumpet] tube
ex. tub-oovaritis

Front 106

tuss-

Back 106

combining form
cough
ex. anti-tuss-ive

Front 107

vacc-

Back 107

combining form
cow
ex. vacc-ine

Front 108

vir-, virus-

Back 108

combining form
[poison, venom] virus
ex. vir-al

Front 109

viscer-

Back 109

combining form
internal organ(s)
ex. viscer-al