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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which step in the process of factor analysis is not subjective? · extracting the factors · interpreting the factors · labeling the factors · deciding which variables to study |
extracting the factors |
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Relative to the current DSM-IV system of classifying mental disorders, the Five-Factor Model suggests · a larger number of diagnoses in the mood disorders category. · a larger number of diagnoses in the psychotic disorders category. · a continuum between normality and abnormality. · none of these. |
a continuum between normality and abnormality |
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Cattell defined personality as · libidinal drive. · the enduring internal characteristics of an individual. · that which permits prediction of what an individual will do. · observable behavior and the observable precedents and consequences of it. |
that which permits prediction of what an individual will do |
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Which of the following is an example of propriate functional autonomy? · A student is tired of studying, so she goes to sleep even though she is not prepared for the test that she will be taking in the morning. · Because his parents always wanted him to be a doctor, Jordan applies to medical school. · A person who had to work odd jobs to be able to buy food keeps working after winning a huge amount of money in a lottery. · A rat in a maze is sated and no longer hungry, so it stops running through the maze.
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a person who had to work odd jobs to be able to buy food keeps working after winning a huge amount of money in a lottery |
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Sean is extremely dependent on other people. In fact, his dependency is so pervasive that almost all of Sean’s behavior is influenced by it. In other words, Sean’s dependency is a · central disposition. · secondary disposition. · proprium. · cardinal disposition. |
cardinal disposition |
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In order of decreasing influence on behavior, the types of personal dispositions described by Allport are · central, cardinal, secondary. · secondary, cardinal, central. · secondary, central, cardinal. · cardinal, central, secondary. |
cardinal, central, secondary |
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In Allport’s theory, common traits refer to which aspects of personality? · those that are universal · those that cannot be measured statistically · those that are unique to each person · those that allow comparison of individuals within a culture |
those that allow comparison of individuals within a culture |
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For Allport, maturity entails a · clear understanding of one’s past. · perseverative functional autonomy. · plan that encompasses goals and purposes. · conscience that dictates what one must do to gain others’ approval. |
plan that encompasses goals and purposes |
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Which of the following is true according to Five-Factor Theory? Select all that apply. · One’s basic tendency for openness is biologically rooted and stable, but how one characteristically expresses it can change over time. · Characteristic adaptations are unaffected by external influences. · Core components of the personality system have nothing to do with biological factors such as genes or brain structure. |
one's basic tendency for openness is biologically rooted and stable, but how one characteristically expresses it can change over time. |
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While Allport is considered the father of dispositional theories, his theory is different from most modern incarnations in that · he used factor analysis to support his assertions. · his perspective held that personal choice was a major component. · he differentiated between central and peripheral traits. · felt that traits should be reduced to a small manageable number. |
his perspective held that personal choice was a major component |
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The statistical procedure that Cattell used to find relationships among traits is · analysis of variance. · factor analysis. · trait analysis. · criterion analysis. |
factor analysis |
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Which of the following is not a theoretical claim of the Five-Factor Model? · Personality characteristics are the product of internal mechanisms. · Personality traits are stable over time. · Each personality trait is allocated a different region in the brain. · Personality differences have a genetic basis. |
Each personality trait is allocated a different region in the brain |
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What is Allport’s view of the role of neurosis versus health in personality theory? · To understand health, we must understand neurosis. · Health is best viewed as the absence of neurotic symptoms. · Neurosis versus health may be seen as a continuous dimension. · We need a positive rather than a negative definition of health and maturity. |
We need a positive rather than a negative definition of health and maturity. |
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Both trait theories like the Big 5 and type theories can be criticized for · restricting human nature to a small set of descriptions. · suggesting that every individual is absolutely unique. · lacking a quantitative, empirical component. · not rigorously testing their constructs. |
restricting human nature to a small set of descriptions |