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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Heat
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Energy in the process of being transferred from one object to another because of temp difference between them
103.1.1 |
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Define: Temperature
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Condition that determines the ability of object to communicate heat to or receive from other objects
103.1.1 |
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Define: Latent heat
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Heat energy required to change from one state to another
103.1.1 |
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Define: Moisture content
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Water vapor content in the air expressed as absolute humidity, relative humidity, or dew point temp
103.1.1 |
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Define: Absolute humidity
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Amount of water vapor contained in a unit of air
103.1.1 |
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Define: Relative humidity
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Ratio of amount of water vapor actually in air compared to max amount of water vapor the air can hold at that temp
103.1.1 |
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Define: Dew point
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Temp to which air would have to be cooled to achieve saturation
103.1.1 |
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Define: Saturation
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Condition in which amount of water vapor is maximum possible at existing temp
103.1.1 |
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Define: Evaporation
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Change of state from liquid to gas
103.1.1 |
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Define: Condensation
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Change of state from gas to liquid
103.1.1 |
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Define: Sublimation
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Change of state from gas directly to solid and vice versa
103.1.1 |
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Describe the significance of temperature change in determining relative humidity
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If water vapor content of the air remains constant:
- temp increases, then relative humidity decreases - temp decreases, then relative humidity increases 103.1.2 |
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Explain what happens to latent heat during the evaporation and condensation process
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- heat added to change state is stored in water molecules as latent heat, loss of heat energy from the air results in cooling of air
- water molecules cooled to state change will transfer latent heat to air, heating the air 103.1.3 |
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List the three requirements for condensation
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- condensation nuclei
- saturated air - cooling of the air 103.1.4 |
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With respect to heat transfer, define radiation
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Process of heat energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic waves
103.2.1 |
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With respect to heat transfer, define conduction
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Process of heat energy transfer by contact of two bodies at different temps
103.2.1 |
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With respect to heat transfer, define convection
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Process of heat energy transfer by vertical motion
103.2.1 |
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With respect to heat transfer, define advection
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Process of transporting warm or cold air horizontally by the wind
103.2.1 |
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Explain the basic principle of heat transfer
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- in a system of two bodies, the one with the higher temp transfers heat to cooler body
- hot sun to cooler earth, warm earth to cooler atmosphere, warm air to underlying cold water 103.2.2 |
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Explain how air is heated and cooled by radiation
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- sun heats the earth with short waves, earth heats the atmosphere with long waves
- at night, incoming short wave radiation stops, but continued long wave radiation serves to cool the earth. Air gives up heat via conduction to cooler earth 103.2.3 |
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Describe the effectiveness of conduction as a heat transfer process in the atmosphere
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- air is a poor conductor of heat
- good for only the first meter above ground - mixing or eddying motion increases the range of the process 103.2.4 |
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Describe the effect of the earth's surface on the advection of cold and warm air
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- advected warm air moves over a colder surface, heat transfer takes place and air is cooled
- advected cool air moves over warmer surface, heat transfer takes place and air is warmed 103.2.5 |
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List the 4 processes by which the atmosphere is heated, and 2 by which it is cooled
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Heated:
- radiation - conduction - convection - advection Cooled: - radiation - advection 103.2.6 |
