Lesson 1 Lps

Front 1

human lipase is what kind of protein

Back 1

single chain glycoprotein

Front 2

what is required for full catalytic activity and greatest specificity

Back 2

presence of bile salts and a cofactor called colipase

Front 3

what size molecule is LPS

Back 3

small

Front 4

where is LPS filtered through

Back 4

glomerulus

Front 5

LPS is totally reabsorbed by what

Back 5

renal tubes

Front 6

is LPS normally detected in urine

Back 6

no

Front 7

what are lipases

Back 7

enzymes that hydrolyze glycerol esters of long chain fatty acids

Front 8

LPS attacks ester bonds at what carbon positions

Back 8

carbon 1

carbon 3

Front 9

hydrolysis of glycerol esters produces what

Back 9

2 mol of fatty acids

1 mol of 2-acylglycerol

Front 10

what is resistant to hydrolysis

Back 10

2-acylglycerol

Front 11

2-acylglycerol spontaneously isomerizes to what

Back 11

3-acylglycerol

Front 12

the isomerization of 2-acylglycerol allows what to be split off

Back 12

the third fatty acid

Front 13

LPS acts only when the substrate is present in what form

Back 13

emulsified

Front 14

the rate of LPS action depends on what

Back 14

surface area of the dispersed substrate

Front 15

bile acids ensure that the surface of the dispersed substrate remains free of what

Back 15

other proteins

Front 16

how do bile acids ensure that the surface of the dispersed substrate remains free of other proteins

Back 16

by lining the surface of the insoluble substrate and the aqueous medium

Front 17

most of the LPS activity found in serum derives from what

Back 17

pancreas

Front 18

other than the pancreas, LPS is secreted by what

Back 18

gastric and intestinal mucosa

Front 19

LPS concentration in the pancreas is how much greater than other tissues

Back 19

9000x

Front 20

what is the concentration gradient between pancreas and serum

Back 20

20,000x

Front 21

LPS measurement in serum is used to diagnose what

Back 21

acute pancreatitis

Front 22

clinical sensitivity for LPS measurement in serum is what

Back 22

80-100%

Front 23

clinical specificity for LPS measurement in serum is what

Back 23

80-100%

Front 24

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum LPS activity increases within how many hours

Back 24

4-8

Front 25

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum LPS activity peaks at how many hours

Back 25

24

Front 26

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum LPS activity decreases over how many days

Back 26

8-14

Front 27

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum LPS activity is elevated longer than what enzyme

Back 27

AMY

Front 28

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum LPS activity elevates by how much

Back 28

2-50x

Front 29

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, increase in LPS activity is not necessarily proportional to what

Back 29

the severity of the attack

Front 30

after an attack of acute pancreatitis, serum lps activity must be differentiated from what

Back 30

other acute intra-abdominal disorders

Front 31

lps activity greater than how much is a more specific diagnostic finding than increases in ____ activity

Back 31

5

serum amy

Front 32

what 3 clinical conditions may increase lps

Back 32

biliary tract disease

obstruction of the pancreatic duct

investigation of the biliary tract by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography

Front 33

patients with a reduced GFR have an increased serum lps activity, what does GFR stand for

Back 33

glomerular filtration rate

Front 34

what are the 5 techniques for LPS methods

Back 34

titrimetric

turbidimetric

spectrophotometric

fluorometric

immunological

Front 35

what are the 2 types of substrates that are used for lps methods

Back 35

triglyceride

non-triglyceride

Front 36

in titrimetric methods, lps catalyzes the hydrolysis of what

Back 36

fatty acids from an emulsion of olive oil or oleic acid

Front 37

the liberated fatty acids are titrated with what

Back 37

dilute alkali

Front 38

the amount of alkali used serves as a measure for what

Back 38

fatty acid produced during the reaction

Front 39

in the turbidimetric method, lps catalyzes the hydrolysis of fatty acids from an emulsion of ____ with simultaneous _____ in the what

Back 39

oleic acid

decrease

turbidity of the reaction mixture

Front 40

in the turbidimetric method, absorbance is read at what nm

Back 40

340

Front 41

what is taken as a measure of lps activity after reading the absorbance at 340nm

Back 41

oA/min

Front 42

what is used in spectrophotometric methods

Back 42

substrates

complex auxiliary

indicator systems

Front 43

what has been proposed to measure lps activity in spectrophotometric method

Back 43

4-methyl-resorufin-ester

Front 44

lps hydrolyzes 4-methyl-resorufin-ester in an ______ medium to an ______ that spontaneously hydrolyzes to yield what

Back 44

alkaline

unstable dicarbonic acid ester

glutaric acid and methylresorufin

Front 45

what is methylresorufin

Back 45

bluish purple chromophore

Front 46

what is peak absorption for methylresorufin

Back 46

580 nm

Front 47

the rate of methylresorufin formation is directly proportional to what

Back 47

lps activity of the sample

Front 48

how long is lps activity in serum stable for at room temp

Back 48

1 week

Front 49

lps activity sera may be stored for how long when refrigerated

Back 49

3 weeks

Front 50

lps activity sera may be stored for how long when frozen

Back 50

several years