"lern Latin" Grammer

Front 1

What are the personal endings for verb conjugation?

Back 1

1s: -o (no key vowel in 1st or 3rd)

2s: -s

3s: -t

1pl: -mus

2pl: -tis

3pl: -nt

Front 2

what is the key vowel for 1st conjugation verbs?

Back 2

a

Front 3

What is the key vowel for 2nd conjugation verbs?

Back 3

e

Front 4

What is the key vowel for 3rd conjugation vowels?

Back 4

i but u for 3pl

Front 5

what is the key vowel for 4th conjugation verbs?

Back 5

i but iu for 3pl

Front 6

What is the key vowel for 5th conjugation vowels?

Back 6

i but iu for 3pl

Front 7

What are the plural endings for 1st declension nouns?

Back 7

Nomanative: -a(stressed) Accusative: -a(stressed)sDative: -i(stressed)sGenative: -a(stressed)rumAblative: -i(stressed)s

Front 8

what are the singular endings for 1st declension nouns?

Back 8

Nomanative: -aAccusative: -amDative: -aeGenative: -aeAblative: -a (stressed)

Front 9

What is the infinative ending for 1st conjugation verbs?

Back 9

-are

Front 10

What is the infinative ending for 2nd conjugation verbs?

Back 10

-ere

Front 11

What is the infinative ending for 3rd conjugation verbs?

Back 11

-ere

Front 12

What is the infinative ending for 4th conjugation verbs?

Back 12

-ire

Front 13

What is the infinative ending for 5th conjugation verbs?

Back 13

-ere

Front 14

What are the endings for singular 2nd declension nouns?

Back 14

Nomanative: -us/-um

Accusative: -um (same for both)

Dative: -o(stressed) (same for both)Genative: -i(stressed) (same for both)

Ablative: -o(stressed) (same for both)

Front 15

What are the endings for plural 2nd declension nouns?

Back 15

Nomanative: -i(stressed)/-aAccusative: -o(stressed)s/-aDative: -i(stressed)s (same for both) both)Genative: -o(stressed)rum (same for both)Ablative: -i(stressed)s (same for both)

Front 16

What is the conjugation of esse?

Back 16

1s: sum

2s: es

3s: est

1pl: sumus

2pl: estis

3pl: sunt

Front 17

How should esse not be used?

Back 17

As an auxiliary verb (e.g. the 'am' in "I am loving)

Front 18

What are the 3 possible meanings of esse conjugations and when do they occur?

Back 18

1) Conjugation of "to be", any personal pronount

2) "there is" or "there are", first in sentance and in form "est" or "sunt"

3) "it is", 2 word (subject-verb, subject can be multiple words) sentances in form "est"

Front 19

How are multiple nouns treated with esse in the nomanative?

Back 19

Esse takes a complement so both the main subject and its complement (e.g. in "A is B" A is the main subject and B the complement) take the nomanative as B is the complement of A and describes it.

Front 20

What are prepositions and how do they work in Latin?

Back 20

Prepositions are words placed before the noun (e.g. with). In Latin they are followed by the noun in either the accusative of ablative case.

Front 21

What is the entomology of possum (v) ?

Back 21

A compund form of esse from pot- ("able, cf. potential) and esse (to be, v. irregular)

Front 22

What is the conjugation of posse?

Back 22

1s: possum

2s: potes

3s: potest

1pl: possumus

2pl: posetis

3pl: possunt

Front 23

How is posse used in sentances?

Back 23

It is paired with infinative verbs (e.g. videre possum - I can see)

Front 24

How is noli/nolite used in sentances.

Back 24

Paired with infinative like posse. Noli used when addressing a single person, nolite used when addressing a group