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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Senile cataract |
Cortical 75% Cuneiform 70% Cupuliform 5% - early visual loss Nuclear 25% Brunescens Nigra Rubra |
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Cortical cataract |
Lamellar separation Incipient cataract Immature/intumescent Mature cortical cataract Morgagnian hypermature |
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Congenital cataract treatment |
ECCE + 1°posterior capsulorrhexis + anterior vitrectomy PCIOL By 2-4 months of age B/L -> 4-6 wks U/L or visual axis -> urgent within days |
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Second sight |
Nuclear cataract Also, colour shift, blinding by sunlight headlamps at night |
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Monocular diplopia or polyopia |
Cortical cataract (incipient stage) |
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Fluctuating refractive error |
Diabetic cataract |
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Phacomorphic glaucoma |
Immature cataract |
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Phacolytic glaucoma and Phacotopic glaucoma |
Hypermature cataract |
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Snowflake cataract |
Diabetes |
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Christmas tree cataract |
Myotonic dystrophy Salt and pepper fundus |
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Sunflower cataract |
Wilson's disease Chalcosis |
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Down's syndrome |
Stellate / snowflake/ snowstorm cataract |
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Shield cataract |
Anterior subcapsular Atopic dermititis Also posterior subcapsular |
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Congenital rubella |
Nuclear cataract |
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Oil drop cataract |
Galactosemia - reversible |
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Complicated cataract (iridocyclitis, high myopia) |
Posterior subcapsular Breadcrumb appearance Polychromatic lustre Rainbow cataract |
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Vossius ring |
Blunt trauma |
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Rosette shaped cataract |
Blunt trauma |
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Steroid induced |
Posterior subcapsular |
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Congenital lamellar (zonular) cataract |
Hypoparathyroidism Hypovitaminosis D |
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Lenticonus |
Alport syndrome Anterior > posterior |
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Hallermann Streiff syndrome |
Connexin 43 Ocular microphthalmos Spontaneously resorbing cataracts Macular pigment changes Systemic features Facial malformation Hypoplastic mandible Short stature Skin atrophy |
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IOL |
Measured by biometer SRK formula P = A - 2.5L - 0.9K A is constant L is axial length (A scan) K is average corneal curvature (keratometry) |
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Foldable IOL (PCIOL) |
Silicone Hydrogel Acrylic Collapse Rollable - acrylic |
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Best irrigating fluid cataract surgery |
Balanced salt solution plus glutathione BSS plus Bicarbonate buffer |
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Self sealing sclerocroneal tunnel |
Manual SICS 4-6mm incision |
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10 to 2 o'clock incision |
Conventional ECCE Anterior capsulotomy -Can openers technique -Envelope technique -Continous circular capsulorrhexis |
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1.5- 2.4 mm incision |
Phacoemulsification Phacoprobe and foldable IOL Sutureless surgery 1mm hollow titanium needle 40000hz |
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Lens delivery technique |
Cryoextraction Forceps extraction Wire vectis method Indian smith method |
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only indication for ICCE |
Subluxated And dislocated lens |
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FLACS |
femtolaser assisted cataract surgery |
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Mc late post cataract complication |
Posterior capsule opacficiation |
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Windshield wiper syndrome |
IOL haptic rubs on endothelium |
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Postoperative endophthalmitis - prevention |
90% GPC staph 5% povidone iodine @ fornices X 3 min Intracameral cefuroxime Postop subconjunctival injection Topical FQs |
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Propionibacterium acnes |
Late onset endophthalmitis 4wks to years post op Saccular endophthalmitis Also S. Epididermis |
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After cataracr |
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Superotemporal subluxation |
Marfan's |
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Internasal subluxation |
Homocystinuria |
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Downward forward subluxation |
Weil Marchesani |
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Post operative cystoid macular edema |
Irvine Glass syndrome |
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UGH syndrome |
Uveitis Glaucoma Hyphema |
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Pelli Robertson chart |
Contrast sensitivity Use: Posterior subcaspular cataract - night glare |
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Day time glare |
dry ARMD |
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Dull foveal reflex |
Cystoid macular edema OCT Fluorescein angio petaloid leakage Amsler's grid - macular fx test |
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Ligament of weiger |
Attaches vitreous to posterior capsule of lens |
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Erggelet or Berger's space |
Centre of hyaloideo capsular ligament Gives rise to canal of Cloquet which opens into Area of Martegiani |
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Transparency of lens |
Dehydration by MIP26/ Aquaporin 0 |
Water and glycerol out of lens |
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Antioxidant mechanism of lens |
REDUCED GLUTATHIONE Glutathione peroxidase SOD Catalase Vit C, E, carotenoids |
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Glutathione |
maintains reduced ascorbate and alpha tocopherol |
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Congenital cataract |
CRYAA CRYAB CRYGC CRYGS Crystallin gene |
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MC skin condition associated with cataract |
Atopic dermatitis |
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Drug related cataract - anterior |
Anticholinesterase Amiodarone Chlorpromazine - yellow brown capsular |
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Drug related cataract - posterior |
Corticosteroids - discoid Chloroquine - white flaky Busulfan |
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Congenital Rubella |
Microphthalmia Rubella keratitis Angle closure glaucoma Nuclear pearly cataract Salt and pepper fundus |
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PCIOL |
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