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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Burden of Proof
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relates to standard of review
beyond a reasonable doubt the degree of scrutiny is less in institutions. |
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Internal Sources of Law
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1. Institutional Rules and Regulations
2. Institutional Contracts 3. Campus Common Law |
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Statute of Limitations
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the amount of time you have to file/report/make a claim.
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"Exhaustion of Remedies"
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must go through all systmes in a timely manner before going on to ta higher court.
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Tort
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a wrongful act
(not necessarily a criminal act) |
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Brown v. Board of Education
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Said that no state institution was allowed to discriminate in admissions on the bases of race in absence of "compelling state interest."
14th Amendment |
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Bakke v. University of California
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(Overall Finding) It bars quota systems in college admissions but affirms the constitutionaity of affirmative action programs giving as advantage to minorities
Judge Powell used the concept of "a compelling state interest" in justifying his opinion that race could be one of the many factors in admissions (related cases) grutter and gratz |
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Adam v. Richardson 1973
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Maintains courts decision towards desegretgation
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National Defense Education Act of 1958
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includes a large scale program of low interest loans for students in institutions of higher education
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Michigan Cases
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Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) was a case that showed that the admissions policy at U. of Michigan did not show a "compelling state interest" and was essentailly a quota system that was not allowed by the Bakke ruling
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003) upheld the affirmative action policy and the U of Michigan Law School and allowed the "compelling state interest" to stand, race used as a factor not quota |
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Title 6 - bars discrimination from federal programs
Title 7 - bars discrimination in employment based on sex |
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Higher Education act of 1965
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Authorizes various activities including community education services; resources, tarining and research for college libraries and personnel; strenghthening of developing institutions and student financial aid programs.
Continues to be the primary authorzing legislation for federal higher education spending. |
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TRIO Programs
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Establishes Upward bound and other programs that are aimed at helping underprivileged students to go to college
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1919 International Education Act
Morrill Act 1862 (1890) (Land Grant) |
Gives lands to states to start colleges and institutions for the support agriculture and mechanical colleges
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GI Bill (1944)
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Provides funds for veterans and opens higher education to the masses
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Navajo Community College Act
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Establishes first tribal colleges
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