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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genetic risk factors for DM1
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Northern ancestry
HLA-DR3, DR4, DQ |
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What is the pathogenesis of DM1?
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Lack of insulin due to autoimmune destruction of B-cells
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What are 3 microscopic findings of DM1?
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1. Lymphocytic inflammmation of islets of Langerhans
2. Loss of B-cells 3. Fibrosis of islets |
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What is the etiology of DM1?
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Autoimmine reaction triggered by infection (Coxsackie B virus) in gentically susceptible people
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Clincial presentation of DM1?
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Polydispia, polyuria, polyphagia
Dehydration Ketoacidosis Coma/death |
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What is pathogenesis of DM2?
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1. Reduced insulin secretion
2. Reduced insulin sensitivity in tissues |
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What is a possible but not always seen microscopic finding of DM2?
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Focal atrophy and amyloid deposition in islets (hylanization)
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Clincial presentation of DM2?
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Usually asymptomatic
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma |
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What is the most common cause of death with DM2?
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MI
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DM2 can get microvascular disease. What is the micro findings?
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Diffuse thickening of Basement Membranes
Hyaline arteriolosclerosis |
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DM2 can get nophrotic syndrome. What is seen in nodular glomerulosclerosis?
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Kimmerlstiel-Wilson disease
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What happens in the nonproliferative phase of diabetic retinopathy?
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Microaneurysms
Retinal hemorrhages and exudates |
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What happens in the proliferative phase of diabetic retinopathy?
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Neovascularization
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What intially happens in diabetic nephropathy?
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Renal hypertrophy and hyper filtration
Increase in GFR |
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What is the most common kind of pancreatic tumor?
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Insulinoma
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A gastrinoma is associated with?
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Intractable peptic ulcers |
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WDHA syndrome is associated with?
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VIPoma
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Somatostatinoma is associated with?
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Reduced insulin, gastrin, and CCK secretion
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