Lecture Test 1 (Bones And Skeletal Tissues)

Front 1

Hyaline cartilage

Back 1

Most abundant cartilage

Covers the ends of bones

Front 2

Elastic cartilage

Back 2

Contains more elastic fibers and Highland cartilage "stretchy"

Forms epiglottis and external ear

Front 3

Fibrocartilage

Back 3

Consists of parallel rows of chondrocytes alternating with thick collagen fibers

Intervertebral disks

Front 4

Long bones

Back 4

Younger than wide consists of shaft and two ends

Front 5

Short bones

Back 5

Cube shaped, bones of the wrist and ankles

Front 6

Flat bone

Back 6

Thin, flat, slightly curved

Front 7

Irregular bones

Back 7

Complex shape example hip bones

Front 8

Compact bones

Back 8

Dense, outer layer of bones

Front 9

Spongy bones

Back 9

Honeycomb network called the trabeculae

Front 10

Diaphysis

Back 10

Shaft

Forms long axis of bone

Front 11

Epiphysis

Back 11

Ends of long bones

Front 12

Epiphyseal plate

Back 12

Area (disc) of Hyaline cartilage located between the diaphysis

Front 13

Membranes

Back 13

Pero te um covers bone except where there is articular cartilage

Front 14

Endosteum

Back 14

Delicate connective tissue that covers the internal bone surface

Front 15

Periosteum

Back 15

Covered compact bone

Endosteum covered spongy bone

Front 16

Lamellae

Back 16

In an osteon one lamellae Is placed outside the next.

Front 17

Structural unit

Back 17

Osteon, weight bearing pillars, arranged parallel to the long axis of the bone

Front 18

Circumferential lamellae

Back 18

Located deep to the periosteum, not part of an osteon

Front 19

Interstitial lamellae

Back 19

Located between osteons, fill gaps, remnants of cut osteons

Front 20

Haversion canal

Back 20

Located through the center of the osteon, contains small blood vessels and nerves

Front 21

Volkmann's canals

Back 21

Connect the blood and nerve supply of the periosteum of those of the haversion canal

Front 22

Tendons

Back 22

Connect muscle to bone

Front 23

Ligaments

Back 23

Connect bone to bone

Front 24

Extracellular matrix

Back 24

Consist of fibers and ground substance

Front 25

Canaliculi

Back 25

Tiny canals that's connect the lacunae to each other

Front 26

Calcitonin

Back 26

Released by the extrafollicular cells of the thyroid gland when bone calcium levels increase

Front 27

Wolffs law

Back 27

A bone grows or remodels in response to the force of demands placed on it

Front 28

Comminuted fracture

Back 28

3 or more breaks (usually due to brittle bones in the aged)

Front 29

Compression fracture

Back 29

Crushed bones (seen in an injury from a fall)

Front 30

Spiral fracture

Back 30

Ragged break due to twisting (sports injuries)

Front 31

Epiphyseal fracture

Back 31

Speration of epiphysis from diaphysis

Front 32

Depressed fracture

Back 32

Bone pushed inward

Front 33

Greenstick fracture

Back 33

Incomplete break (one side breaks the other side bends)

Front 34

Hematoma (blood clot)

Back 34

Bone cells lacking nutrients

Front 35

Osteomalacia (soft bone)

Back 35

Bones weak because minerals are not deposited or not deposited correctly.

Front 36

Rickets

Back 36

Children version of soft bone usually due to diet

Front 37

Osteoporosis

Back 37

Bone resorption > bone deposition bone mass decrease

Front 38

Pagets disease

Back 38

Excessive bone formation and breakdown

Front 39

Osteoblast

Back 39

Makes new bones

Front 40

Osteoclast

Back 40

Breakdown bone

Front 41

Osteocites

Back 41

Maintain everything

Front 42

Lipid storage

Back 42

Yellow marrow