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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is titration?
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When a drug is ordered as a goal instead of a dose. Nurse will adjust. "Give norepi to keep systolic BP above 120"
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What are CNS symptoms of sulfite sensitivity?
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Dizziness and loss of consciousness
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What are cardiovascular symptoms of sulfite sensitivity?
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Hypotension and syncope
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What are integumentary symptoms of sulfite sensitivity?
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Clammy or flushed skin, pruritus, urticaria, cyanosis
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What are respiratory symptoms of sulfite sensitivity?
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Brochospasm, wheezing, shortness of breath, laryngeal edema, respiratory arrest
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On what parts of the body should lidocaine with epinephrine NOT be used?
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Fingers
Nose Toes Ears Male genitalia |
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What are adverse effects of phenylephrine that should be reported to the provider?
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Fast, pounding, irregular heartbeat
Chest pain longer than 5 minutes Trouble breathing Tingling in hands and feet |
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What is the most important patient education point for clonidine?
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NEVER stop taking the drug abruptly
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How does dopamine affect renal hemodynamics?
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Dilates renal and mesenteric vasculature. This will cause an increase in RBF, GFR, and urinary output
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Why are dopmaine and fenoldopam administered only in acute care environments?
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You need to be able to monitor the patient's blood pressure, cardiac output, urinary flow, and pulmonary wedge pressure
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What is the adverse effect specifically associated with prazosin, and how can the nurse minimize this effect?
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First dose syncope, and can be minimized by taking the first dose right before bedtime, and also by strategies to avoid orthostatic hypotension.
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How can the patient avoid orthostatic hypotension? (eg, when getting out of bed)
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1. Roll over.
2. Swing feet off bed. 3. Sit up for 30 seconds. 4. Stand for 30 seconds. 5. Take the first step. |
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Why are beta-blockers used cautiously in patients with respiratory disorders?
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It causes bronchoconstriction, which can exacerbate chronic airway disorder symptoms.
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What are the adverse effects of propanolol that affect the elderly?
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Hallucinations
Psychosis |
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Why does pilocarpine pose a hazard for patients, especially the elderly?
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It has systemic effects, and can cause a cholinergic crisis if interactions occur with other cholinergic agonists.
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What are the symptoms of a cholinergic crisis and why does it happen?
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Increased GI motility w/ diarrhea &cramps, bradycardia, muscle fasciculation, pupillary constriction, increase salivation and sweating. Overdose/overexposure to irreversible anticholinesterase drugs (keeps Ach at synapse)
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What are the symptoms of myasthenic crisis and what is it's cause?
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Muscle weakness, shortness of breath. From inadequate dosage failing to control myasthenic symptoms.
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What are the key education points for epinephrine?
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1.Brief, simple, supportive during crisis
2. Common adverse effects 3. Do not alter frequency of dosing 4. How to use inhaled products correctly 5. Avoid OTC drugs with sympathomimetic ingredients 6. Diabetics-monitor blood glucose |
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What are the key education points for phenylephrine?
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1. Hazards of driving at night and operating heavy machinery
2. Potential drug interactions 3. Adverse effects |
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What are the key education points for clonidine?
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1. Never stop taking abruptly.
2.Assess sedation level prior to driving or attempting anything that requires concentration 3. Ways to monitor BP |
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What are the key education points for dopamine?
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1. Advise the need for constant monitoring of vital signs
2. Reassure that the patient will be closely monitored |
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What are the key education points for fenoldopam?
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1. Explain the need for frequent monitoring of vital signs
2. Advise the patient to report any adverse effects promptly |
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What are the key education points for prazosin?
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1. 1st dose at bedtime if self-medicating
2. Advise strategies to avoid orthostatic hypotension 3. Avoid drinking or concentration activities for 4 hours after 1st dose 4. Avoid OTC medications without provider knowledge |
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What symptoms should a patient taking prazosin report to the provider?
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blurred vision
difficulty breathing fainting irregular HB palpitations/chest pain mental depression swelling of lower extremities prolonged vomiting prolonged or painful erections |
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What are the key education points for pilocarpine?
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1. Correct administration of drops
2. Potential blurred vision and hazards 3. Symptoms of cholinergic crisis if taking oral meds |
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What are the key education points for propanolol?
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1. How to take BP and pulse
2. How to avoid orthostatic hypotension 3. If taking insulin, risk of hypoglycemia 4. Inform patient of potential changes in mental status 5. Dose related impotence can be corrected 6. NEVER STOP TAKING DOSE ABRUPTLY |
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What are the key education points for nicotine?
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1. Use only as recommended to avoid overstimulation
2. Demonstrate correct use of sprays or patches 3. Self-management of adverse effects 4. Avoid other stimulants 5. Keep out of reach of children |
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What are the key education points for neostigmine?
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1. Importance of taking drug throughout the day
2. Difference between cholinergic crisis and myasthenic |
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What are the key education points for atropine?
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1. Elderly men should be advised to report changes in urinary stream
2. Increase fluids and exercise to avoid constipation 3. Stress the hazards of blurred vision, especially at night 4. Avoid OTC drugs without provider knowledge |
