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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of bones |
Support Protection Storage
Haematopoiesis & Erythropoiesis |
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What % of bones is H2O |
10-20% |
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What % of bones are inorganic components |
Calcium & Phosphate are 65-70% |
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What % of bones are organic components |
Collagen is 25-30% |
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What cells aid in bone remodelling |
Osteoclasts - Bone resorption Osteoblasts - Bone deposition |
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How often do compact bones replace |
Every 10 years |
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How often are spongy bones replaced |
Every 2-3 years |
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What does calcium balance in the blood stream have on bone remodelling |
Increase in bone deposition
Decrease in bone resorption |
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What is Wolff's law |
Bone responds by adapting to applied stress or increased mechanical load |
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What is osteoporosis |
Disease where low bone mass (calcium) result in fragile bones that are prone to fractures |
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Who are at risk of low bone mass / bone health |
Females over males, low estrogen levels means lower bone health Thin/petite at greater risk Smoking, alcohol & sedentary behaviour |
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What is estrogen |
Primary female sex hormone that is essential for maintaining bone health |
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What is the minimal essential strain? |
1/10th the force required to fracture a bone |
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What is specificity of loading |
Choose exercises where the stress on a part of a skeleton is where increased bone density is desired |
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What is axial loading |
Weight goes through the axial skeleton |
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What are tendons |
Muscle to bone (have blood supply) |
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What are ligaments |
Bone to bone (have blood supply) |
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What is fascia |
Separates different levels of muscles (has blood supply) |
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What is cartilage |
A shock absorber (lacks blood supply) |
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Where does cartilage get its nutrient |
From the synovial fluid |
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What increases the nutrient supply to cartilage |
Joint movement and exercise is critical for maintaining cartilage health |
