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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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amino group
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- NH3
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sulfhydryl group
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- SH
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hydroxyl group
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- OH
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carbonyl group
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C = O
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carboxyl group
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- COOH
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methyl group
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- CH3
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phosphate group
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- PO4 (-2)
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polymer
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Long molecule built from similar subunits (monomers) linked by covalent bonds
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monomer
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the subunit that makes up a polymer
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polysaccharide
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a large carbohydrate
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monosaccharide
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a simple sugar molecule; the monomers that
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dehydration reaction
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a reaction in which two molecules are connected, and water is lost where the bond is formed
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hydrolysis
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the reaction that breaks a large molecule into pieces by addition of a water molecule
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aldehyde
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a molecule with a carbonyl group at the end
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ketone
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a molecule with a carbonyl group in the middle
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starch
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the polymer of glucose that plants use for energy storage
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glycogen
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the polymer of glucose that animals use for energy storage
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cellulose
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the polymer of glucose that makes up plant cell walls
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fat
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a kind of lipid composed of a glycerol bonded to three fatty acids
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saturated fatty acid
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no double bonds
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unsaturated fatty acid
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has at least one double bond
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phospholipid
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a kind of lipid composed of glycerol + two fatty acids + phosphate group+ choline
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steroid
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a kind of lipid that has a carbon skeleton with 4 rings and varying functional groups
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