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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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---: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis Largest of all NWMs All have strong, true prehensile tail, occupy high canopy Modification of post-crania for semi-brachiation in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no thumb, flexible shoulder) Howler and Wooly monkeys very dimorphic Spider monkeys and Muriquis little sexual dimorphism |
Atelines
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters 1. 2. Largest of all NWMs All have strong, true prehensile tail, occupy high canopy Modification of post-crania for semi-brachiation in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no thumb, flexible shoulder) Howler and Wooly monkeys very dimorphic Spider monkeys and Muriquis little sexual dimorphism |
Howler monkeys;Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis --- of all NWMs All have strong, true prehensile tail, occupy high canopy Modification of -- for semi-brachiation in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no thumb, flexible shoulder) Howler and Wooly monkeys very dimorphic Spider monkeys and Muriquis little sexual dimorphism |
Largest;post-crania
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis Largest of all --- All have strong, true---, occupy high --- Modification of post-crania for semi-brachiation in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no thumb, flexible shoulder) Howler and Wooly monkeys very dimorphic Spider monkeys and Muriquis little sexual dimorphism |
NWMs; prehensile tail;canopy
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis Largest of all NWMs All have strong, true prehensile tail, occupy high canopy Modification of post-crania for semi-brachiation in --- and --- (no thumb, flexible shoulder) Howler and Wooly monkeys very --- Spider monkeys and Muriquis little --- |
Spider monkeys;Muriquis;dimorphic;sexual dimorphism
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis Largest of all NWMs All have strong, true prehensile tail, occupy high canopy Modification of post-crania for semi-brachiation in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no thumb, flexible shoulder) --- very dimorphic ---little sexual dimorphism |
Howler and Wooly monkeys;Spider monkeys and Muriquis
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Atelines: General Features
2 clusters Howler monkeys Spider monkeys, Wooly monkeys, and Muriquis Largest of all NWMs All have --- prehensile tail, occupy --- Modification of post-crania for --- in Spider monkeys and Muriquis (no ---, flexible ---) Howler and Wooly monkeys very dimorphic Spider monkeys and Muriquis little sexual dimorphism |
strong, true;high canopy;semi-brachiation;thumb;shoulder
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into --- niches |
ape-like
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into ape-like niches --- dispersal and --- philopatry (to some degree) in all groups Orthograde trunk posture and suspensory locomotion (esp. Ateles & Brachyteles) --- life histories: long juvenile periods, late age at first reproduction, long inter-birth intervals and relatively low life time reproductive output. |
Female;Male;Slow
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into ape-like niches Female dispersal and Male philopatry (to some degree) in --- --- trunk posture and --- locomotion (esp. Ateles & Brachyteles) Slow life histories: long juvenile periods, late age at first reproduction, long inter-birth intervals and relatively low life time reproductive output. |
all groups;Orthograde;suspensory
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into ape-like niches Female dispersal and Male philopatry (to some degree) in all groups Orthograde --- and suspensory --- (esp. Ateles & Brachyteles) Slow life histories: long juvenile periods, late age at first reproduction, long inter-birth intervals and relatively low life time reproductive output. |
trunk posture;locomotion
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into ape-like niches Female dispersal and Male philopatry (to some degree) in all groups Orthograde trunk posture and suspensory locomotion (esp.---) Slow life histories: long juvenile periods, late age at first reproduction, long inter-birth intervals and relatively low life time reproductive output. |
Ateles & Brachyteles
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Atelines: “Apes” of the New World
In terms of the adaptive radiation of NWMs, the Atelines seem to have moved into ape-like niches Female dispersal and Male philopatry (to some degree) in all groups Orthograde trunk posture and suspensory locomotion (esp. Ateles & Brachyteles) --- life histories: ---juvenile periods, --- age at first reproduction, --- inter-birth intervals and --- life time reproductive output. |
Slow;long ;late;long;relatively low
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---
Male-male competition strong, group sizes 10-15, often one adult male but sometimes more, Alouatta palliata groups up to 40! Both sexes typically disperse, females more likely than males High percentage of leaves in diet, slow digestion, shearing crests on molars, lots of rest time Not strictly territorial but intergroup encounters are agonistic with loud vocal displays Dominance hierarchies are clear in both sexes, influences --- |
Howler monkeys;mating opportunities and RS
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Howler monkeys
Male-male competition strong, group sizes ---, often one adult male but sometimes more, Alouatta palliata groups up to 40! Both sexes typically disperse, females more likely than males High percentage of leaves in diet, slow digestion, shearing crests on ---, lots of rest time Not strictly territorial but intergroup encounters are --- with --- Dominance hierarchies are clear in both sexes, influences mating opportunities and RS |
10-15;molars;agonistic;loud vocal displays
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Howler monkeys
Male-male competition ---, group sizes 10-15, often one adult male but sometimes more, --- groups up to 40! Both sexes typically disperse, females more likely than males High percentage of leaves in diet, slow digestion, ---on molars, lots of --- time Not strictly territorial but intergroup encounters are agonistic with loud vocal displays Dominance hierarchies are clear in both sexes, influences mating opportunities and RS |
strong;Alouatta palliata;shearing crests ;rest
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Howler monkeys
Male-male competition strong, group sizes 10-15, often one adult male but sometimes more, Alouatta palliata groups up to 40! --- typically disperse, --- more likely than--- High percentage of leaves in diet, slow digestion, shearing crests on molars, lots of rest time Not strictly territorial but intergroup encounters are agonistic with loud vocal displays Dominance hierarchies are clear in both sexes, influences mating opportunities and RS |
Both sexes;females; males
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Howler monkeys
Male-male competition strong, group sizes 10-15, often one adult male but sometimes more, Alouatta palliata groups up to ---! Both sexes typically disperse, females more likely than males High percentage of --- in diet, ---digestion, shearing crests on molars, lots of rest time Not strictly--- but intergroup encounters are agonistic with loud vocal displays Dominance hierarchies are clear in both sexes, influences mating opportunities and RS |
40;leaves;slow ; territorial
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Howler monkeys
Male-male competition strong, group sizes 10-15, often one adult male but sometimes more, Alouatta palliata groups up to 40! Both sexes typically disperse, females more likely than males High percentage of leaves in diet, slow digestion, shearing crests on molars, lots of rest time Not strictly territorial but--- are agonistic with loud vocal displays --- are clear in both sexes, influences mating opportunities and RS |
intergroup encounters;Dominance hierarchies
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---
Large multimale/miltifemale societies, fission-fusion pattern of group, sex-segregated foraging patterns Ripe fruit specialists like wooly monkeys Small patch size Females disperse, males philopatric and strongly affiliative Males dominant and even hostile to females |
Spider Monkeys
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Spider Monkeys
Large --- societies, fission-fusion pattern of group, sex-segregated foraging patterns Ripe fruit specialists like wooly monkeys Small patch size Females disperse, males philopatric and strongly affiliative Males --- to females |
multimale/miltifemale;dominant and even hostile
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Spider Monkeys
Large multimale/miltifemale societies,--- pattern of group, sex-segregated foraging patterns Ripe fruit specialists like wooly monkeys Small patch size Females ---, males--- and --- Males dominant and even hostile to females |
fission-fusion;disperse; philopatric;strongly affiliative
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Spider Monkeys
Large multimale/miltifemale societies, fission-fusion pattern of group,--- foraging patterns Ripe fruit specialists like --- Small --- size Females disperse, males philopatric and strongly affiliative Males dominant and even hostile to females |
sex-segregated;wooly monkeys;patch
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Spider Monkeys
Large multimale/miltifemale societies, fission-fusion pattern of group, sex-segregated foraging patterns --- like wooly monkeys ---patch size Females disperse, males philopatric and strongly affiliative Males dominant and even hostile to females |
Ripe fruit specialists;Small
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Spider Monkeys
Large multimale/miltifemale societies, fission-fusion pattern of group, sex-segregated foraging patterns Ripe fruit specialists like wooly monkeys Small patch size --- disperse, ---philopatric and strongly affiliative ---dominant and even hostile to --- |
Females;males ;Males ;females
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---
Large multimale groups (18-45), flexible in composition Female dispersal, male philopatry Ripe fruit specialists, most active of all the atelines – travel far to find food for lg. group Males tolerant of each other but not especially affiliative |
Wooly Monkeys
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Wooly Monkeys
--- groups (18-45), flexible in composition --- dispersal, --- philopatry Ripe fruit specialists, most active of all the atelines – travel far to find food for lg. group Males tolerant of each other but not especially affiliative |
Large multimale;Female;male
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Wooly Monkeys
Large multimale groups (18-45), flexible in composition Female dispersal, male philopatry ---specialists, most --- of all the atelines |
Ripe fruit ;active
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Wooly Monkeys
Large multimale groups (18-45), --- in composition Female ---, male --- Ripe fruit specialists, most active of all the atelines – travel far to find food for lg. group Males --- but not especially affiliative |
flexible;dispersal;philopatry;tolerant of each other
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Wooly Monkeys
Large multimale groups (18-45), flexible in composition Female dispersal, male philopatry Ripe fruit specialists, most active of all the ---– travel --- to find food for lg. group Males tolerant of each other but not especially --- |
atelines ;far;affiliative
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Wooly Monkeys
Large multimale groups (18-45), flexible in composition Female dispersal, male philopatry Ripe fruit specialists, most active of all the atelines – travel far to find food for lg. group --- tolerant of each other but not especially affiliative |
Males
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---
Also fission-fusion social groupings Females disperse and males are philopatric Males affiliative but larger than expected testes size indicates sperm competition (form of intrasexual selection) Sexes are codominiant Fruit but leaves common in diet too, shearing crests on molars |
Muriquis
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Muriquis
---social groupings Females--- and males --- Males affiliative but larger than expected testes size indicates sperm competition (form of intrasexual selection) Sexes are codominiant Fruit but leaves common in diet too, shearing crests on molars |
fission-fusion ; disperse;are philopatric
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Muriquis
Also fission-fusion social groupings --- disperse and --- are philopatric |
Females;males
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Muriquis
Also fission-fusion social groupings Females disperse and males are philopatric Males --- but larger than expected testes size indicates --- Sexes are --- Fruit but leaves common in diet too, shearing crests on molars |
affiliative;sperm competition;codominiant
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Muriquis
Also fission-fusion social groupings Females disperse and males are philopatric Males affiliative but larger than expected---indicates sperm competition (form of intrasexual selection) Sexes are codominiant --- but --- common in diet too, shearing crests on molars |
testes size ;Fruit;leaves
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Muriquis
Also fission-fusion social groupings Females disperse and males are philopatric Males affiliative but larger than expected testes size indicates sperm competition (form of ---) Sexes are codominiant Fruit but leaves common in diet too, --- on molars |
intrasexual selection;shearing crests
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Muriquis
Also fission-fusion --- Females disperse and males are philopatric Males affiliative but larger than expected testes size indicates sperm competition (form of intrasexual selection) Sexes are codominiant Fruit but leaves common in diet too, shearing crests on --- |
social groupings;molars
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NWM Adaptive Radiation
1. --- 2. --- |
Callitrichinae ;Atelinae
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--- Adaptive Radiation
1. Callitrichinae (marmoset/tamarin) 2. Atelinae What are the unique qualities of this lineage and how is the niche(s) they occupy different from that of the marmoset/tamarin group? |
NWM
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NWM Adaptive Radiation
1. Callitrichinae (---) 2. Atelinae What are the unique qualities of this lineage and how is the niche(s) they occupy different from that of the marmoset/tamarin group? |
marmoset/tamarin
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
---- are Gorilla-like Folivorous, often single male/multi-female groups, infanticide recorded --- are Chimp-like Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, aggressive to females --- are Bonobo-like More herbaceous material in diet, larger mixed sex foraging parties, male-female relations more egalitarian, promiscuous sexual behavior |
Howler monkeys;Spider monkeys;Muriquis
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Howler monkeys are ----like Folivorous, often single male/multi-female groups, infanticide recorded Spider monkeys are ----like Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, aggressive to females Muriquis are ----like More herbaceous material in diet, larger mixed sex foraging parties, male-female relations more egalitarian, promiscuous sexual behavior |
Gorilla;Chimp;Bonobo
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Howler monkeys are Gorilla-like ---orous, often---groups, ---recorded |
Foliv; single male/multi-female ;infanticide
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Spider monkeys are Chimp-like --- specialists, --- social groups, --- cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, aggressive to --- |
Ripe fruit;fission-fusion;males;females
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Spider monkeys are Chimp-like Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males --- and ---, aggressive to females |
cooperative;patrol territorial boundaries
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Spider monkeys are Chimp-like Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, --- to females |
aggressive
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Howler monkeys are Gorilla-like Folivorous, often single male/multi-female groups, infanticide recorded Spider monkeys are Chimp-like Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, aggressive to females Muriquis are Bonobo-like More --- material in diet, larger mixed sex foraging parties, --- more egalitarian, --- sexual behavior |
herbaceous;male-female relations;promiscuous
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Muriquis are Bonobo-like More herbaceous material in diet, --- mixed sex foraging parties, male-female relations more ---, promiscuous sexual behavior |
larger;egalitarian
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
Muriquis are Bonobo-like More herbaceous material in diet, larger ---, male-female relations more egalitarian, promiscuous sexual behavior |
mixed sex foraging parties
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
--- Folivorous, often single male/multi-female groups, infanticide recorded |
Howler monkeys are Gorilla-like
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
--- Ripe fruit specialists, fission-fusion social groups, males cooperative and patrol territorial boundaries, aggressive to females |
Spider monkeys are Chimp-like
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Convergence* with African Great Apes
--- More herbaceous material in diet, larger mixed sex foraging parties, male-female relations more egalitarian, promiscuous sexual behavior |
Muriquis are Bonobo-like
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