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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pea plants: chose distinct traits. what were they?
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yellow, green, wrinkled, round
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for pea plants, Mendel crossed males with females.. what was the result for all crosses (round x wrinkled) in the F1 generation?
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All F1progeny exhibited only one parental trait (round seeds)
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F1 crosses (round x round) produced what in the F2 filial generation?
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round AND wrinkled. 3:1 RATIO
In F2 generation obtained by self-fertilization of F1plants, the observed ratio of visible traits was 3 round : 1 wrinkled |
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does gender matter when crossing?
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NO.
Outcome of cross was independent of whether the trait came from the male or female parent: reciprocal crosses produced the same result |
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what is the nomenclature?
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P1: parents
F1: 1st filial generation F2: 2nd filial generation |
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reciprocal trait
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sexes of parents are reversed from previous cross
with respect to trait |
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self- cross
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mating with oneself (self-fertilization)
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true breeding parents have two identical alleles of the gene.. what is this called?
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homozygous
WW (round) or ww (wrinkled) |
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adults contain 2 alleles of each gene.. what is this called?
each gamete only contains 1 of the two alleles.. what is this called? |
diploid- WW, ww, Ww
haploid- W or w |
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F1progeny of (WW * ww) cross contains ..?
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different alleles of the gene-- heterozygous (Ww)
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gene
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hereditary determinant of trait
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allele
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different forms of a gene
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genotype vs. phenotype
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genotype: genetic constitution = which alleles of a gene does an organism have
phenotype: observable properties |
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dominant
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expressed in phenotype when either
heterozygous or homozygous |
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recessive
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expressed in phenotype only when
homozygous |
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locus
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site or position of a particular gene on a
chromosome |
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what is mendel's first law?
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the principle of segregation: Each member of a gene pair (each allele) is equally likely to be found in a gamete
ex: a diploid parent Ww are equally likely to produce 1/2 haploids of one W and one w |
