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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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autotrophs
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carbon is from inorganic sources
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heterotrophs
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carbon is from organic sources
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phototrophs
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use light energy
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chemotrophs
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use chemical energy
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chemoheterotrophs
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usually organic carbon as the C source and energy source
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photoautotrophs
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C source is inorganic. energy=light
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chemoautotrophs
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c source and energy source are both inorganic carbon sources
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obligate
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strictly a particular metabolism
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facultative
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mixture of metabolisms
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rate of transport is a function of:
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surface area to volume ratio
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sa/vol
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3/r
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what is the peptidoglycan layer permeable to?
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freely permeable to most things
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uniporters
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one molecule only
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symporters
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two different molecules are moved in the same direction
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antiporters
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2 different molecules move in different directions
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group translocation
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modification of substrate upon entry into the cell
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Three components of ABC transporters
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1. pore
2. ATPase 3. Periplasmic binding protein |
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Complex culture medium
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undefined medium in terms of exact molecules
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defined culture medium
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you know exactly what's in it
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methods of sterilization
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1. autoclave (pressure cooker)
2. Filter sterilize |
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Aseptic techniques
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Keeping things sterile.
Flame, ethanol, etc, |
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Halophilic
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high salt
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Acidiphilic
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grow at low pH
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Alkaliphilic
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Grow at high pH
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Haloalkaliphilic
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high salt, high pH
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obligate Aerobes
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only grow with oxygen
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facultative aerobes
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respire oxygen, but dont need to use.
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microaerophiles
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respire oxygen, but not at atmospheric levels (instead, 2-10%)
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Anaerobes
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do not need oxygen to grow, although aerotolerant can tolerate it.
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Cardinal temperatures
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each species has a minimum, maximum, and optimal temperature for growth
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Psychrophiles
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cold-loving bacteria 0-15C
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Mesophiles
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20-40C. ubiquitous group of prokaryotes. EG e coli
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Thermophiles
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45-70C. live in your water heater.
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hyperthermophiles
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>70C. in thermal vents, etc.
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