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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Release of a pyrophosphate group is characteristic of what type of reaction
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irreversible
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What is energy charge
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EC= (ATP +1/2 ADP)/ (ATP+ADP+AMP)
It is a measure of how many high energy bonds are avaiable for breaking in a cell. Typically .8-.95 indicating that the cell has a constant suppy of these bonds |
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What is the role of adenylate kinase (aka myokinase in muscle)
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ATP+AMP=> 2ADP
Helps balance the distruibution of high energy bonds in the cell, maintains energy charge |
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Describe the role of phosphocreatine
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-when ATP synthesis exceeds deman (high energy charge) creatine is converted to phosphocreatine so the energy can be stored
-when a burst of energy is needed, phosphocreatine is used to convert ADP to ATP |
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How does the role of NADH differ from NADPH
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Both accept electrons
-NAD+ is used for energy/ ATP formation -NADP is used in biosynthetic and antioxidant systems |
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How many ATP are generated from reoxidaiton of NADH and FADH
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NADH=2.5
FADH=1.5 |
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Discuss the role of coenzyme A thioesters
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-Acetyl CoA is a central metabolite and a high energy species that can transfer acetyl groups
-other acyl groups can be attached to yield high energy thioesters |
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What are the body's "low energy" storage compounds?
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glycogen and triglyceride
(serum albumin, muscle proteins, and other proteins can be degraded during an extended fast) |
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Compare short term and long term regulation of pathways
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short term-inhibitors and activatiors, also hormonal regulation of target enzymes
long term-gene induction and protein turnover |
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what is a metabolon
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physically associated enzymes that are used to catalyze sucessive steps in a reaction, prevents the intermediates from diffusing away and increases efficiency
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