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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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if > 10^5 bacterial count...could indicate |
infection |
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normal WBC count |
4.3-10k cells/cc |
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normal PO2 |
40 mmHg |
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TcPO2 < ___mmHg indicates poor potential for healing |
<30 mm Hg |
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normal BUN level |
7-25 mg/dl |
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creatinine normal levels |
0.7-1.4 mg/dl |
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BUN/Creatinine ratio |
normal adult 6-25 optimal 15.5 |
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normal fasting glucose levels |
70-115 mg/dl
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normal HbA1C (glycosylated hemoglobin) |
4-6% if over 6.5% = DM |
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normal platelet count |
150k-400k cells/cc |
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ABI |
systolic bp of tibial a. divided by systolic bp of brachial a. |
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normal ABI |
1 |
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if ABI is low |
wound will not heal without medical intervention , esp if wound is distal |
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normal hematocrit level |
37-52% |
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what is hematocrit? |
volume of RBCs or potential capacity of O2 |
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normal hemoglobin levels |
12-18 g/dl |
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normal albumin levels |
3.5-5.5 g/dl |
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normal pre-albumin levels |
20-40 mg/dl |
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intermittent claudication would have ABI likely of |
0.5 to 0.8 |
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if a person is on steroids, they may need a vitamin __ supplement |
A |
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what questions should be included in the integumentary systems review |
recent rashes, nodules, or other skin changes unusual hair loss/breakage increased had growth (hirsutism) nail bed changes itching (pruritis) |
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what is hirsutism? |
male pattern hair growth on face and body in women could be cause of Rx, PCOS, cushings, increased insulin, etc. |
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palmar erythema could indicate |
renal or liver pathology, eczema, psoriasis, increased estrogen levels |
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tremor or liver flap (asterixis) could indicate |
liver or renal pathology sign of metabolic encephalopathy if unilateral flap - could be focal brain lesion |
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pale palmar creases could indicate |
anemia GI malabsorption |
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palmar xanthomas could indicate |
hyperlipidemia diabetes |
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what is turgor |
indicator of hydration |
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capillary refill should be less than |
3 sec |
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CLUBBING could be due to |
crohn's, cardiac disease lung disease ulcerative colitis biliary cirrhosis Birth - harmless Neoplasm GI involvement |
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what is leukonychia |
whitening of nail plate with bands, lines, or white spots could be malnourished, alcoholic, cancer tx, MI, renal failure, poison, anxiety |
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koilonychia |
spoon nails congenital, iron-deficiency anemia, thyroid problems, syphilis, rheumatic fever |
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beau's lines |
created production of nail matrix acute illness, cancer, chemotherapy, recent MI, eating disorder, local trauma |
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onycholysis |
loosening of nail from distal edge upward grave's disease, psoriasis, reactive arthritis, OCD, |
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pitting nails |
psoriasis eczema alopecia areata |
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stemmer's sign
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diagnostic for lymphedema
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can i.d. clubbing with |
absent shcamroth's window test |
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shiny and hairless skin could mean |
arterial insufficiency |
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what is hemosiderinosis |
deposit of iron into surrounding skin, RBC release iron as they are destroyed and it is deposited |
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normal skin temp should range from |
cool to warm |
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texture of skin should feel |
smooth, soft, even |
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what is liposclerosis? |
chornic edema that has fibroses and hardens the skin |
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yellow skin |
increased bile increased carotene decreased visibility of oxyhemoglobin |
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decreased visibility of oxyhemoglobin can be caused by |
anemia, chronic renal disease |
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increased carotene pigmentation can be caused by |
hypothydroidism, too many carrots |
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increased bile (yellow) pigmentation can be caused by |
liver disease pancreatic cancer |
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cellulitis |
entire area of skin is inflamed, swollen, warm, and red sign of bacterial infection |
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ABCDs of melanoma |
A - asymmetry B - border C - color D - diameter, great er than pencil eraser size |
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can assess vascular status with these 6 things |
woman's sign posterior tibial and dorsal pedis pulses capillary refill rubor dependency test venous filling time ABI |
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what is rubor dependency test |
elevate LE to 45 deg for 1 min lower LE to 0 deg foot should turn back to red under 15 secs, greater than 30 sec is abnormal |
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what is venous filling time test |
same as rubor dependency test but looking at distention of veins |
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what is the important monofilament test |
10g why? - protective sensation of 10g is minimal amount needed |
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what are 2 pressure sore risk assessment scales? |
braden and norton |
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braden pressure sore risk assessment scale important part |
<18 is at risk |
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norton pressure sore risk assessment scale important part |
<16 is at risk |
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MEASURE acronym for wound exam means |
measure exudate appearance suffering undermining reevaluation edge |
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TIME acronym for wound exam means |
tissue infection/inflammation moisture edge |
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remember when using clock positions, 12 o'clock is what? |
the head in anatomical position |
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what is a tunnel? |
linear channel beyond open wound base can enter and exit from same wound or two adjacent wounds |
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what is a sinus tract? |
dead end channel beyond wound base than allows an abscess to drain |
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what is a fistula? |
vertical or oblique channel that penetrates a body cavity |
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cons of using 2D measurements |
2 wounds with dissimilar areas could yield similar areas overestimates some dimensions lower reliability than computerized planimetry |
