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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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phonological development
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The acquisition of speech sound form and function within the language system.
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Perceptual Development
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The ability to identify and perceive differences
between speech sounds. • Even prior to birth, infants begin to discriminate between speech sounds. |
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Vocal Development
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• Begins with prelinguistic behavior ranging from reflexive vocalizations to canonical babbling.
• Babbling transitions to first words and the rest is history |
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Segmental Development
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• The development of speech sound segments and word shapes
• Speech sounds and shapes are used meaningfully (not babbling). |
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Structural and Functional
Development of Speech |
• Structures of the speech mechanism change
size, shape, and position with development • Function of structures also develop–functional and structural development are correlated (respiratory function related to development of alveoli) |
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Suprasegmentals
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• Suprasegmentals are speech characteristics that are above the level of the speech segment
• Include pitch, length and loudness of syllables (physical parameters are fundamental frequency (FO), duration, and intensity) • Also called prosody |
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Fundamental frequency
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rate of vocal fold vibration
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Vocal intensity
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pressure under the vocal folds (sub-glottic pressure)
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Duration
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length of time
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Stress
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• The prominence of syllables.
• Stress can make a difference in word meaning. For example in the words project, object, and present. • Strong – weak pattern is trochaic (noun) • Weak – strong pattern is iambic (verb) |
