Lecture 14 Senses

Front 1

5 SENSES ARE?

Back 1

olfacation
taste
vision
hearing
equilibrium and balance
*all associated w/cranial nerves

Front 2

Foramens of nerves:
I-XII

Back 2

1.cribriform plate
2.optic f
3.superior orbital fissure
4.superior orbital fissure
5.SOP,rotundum itraorbital, ovale-mentale
6.SOF
7.stylomastoid, internal acoustic
8.internal acoustic
9.jugular f
10.jugular F
11.jugular F
12.hypoglossal canal

Front 3

Olfactory Nerve I: Synapse on neurons in the olfactory ___________. Info travels along the _____________tract to the olfactory _________ in the ________ _____________

Back 3

bulbs
olfactory
cortex
temporal lobe

Front 4

How many taste buds?

Back 4

3 on top (dorsal) of tongue

Front 5

Where are taste receptors clustered deep in?

Back 5

grooves of taste buds

Front 6

Taste sensations are strongest in combination with _______________ sensations

Back 6

olfactory

Front 7

What are the 6 primary taste sensations?

Back 7

sweet
sour
salty
bitter
umami(parmesan cheese/chkn and beef broth)
water

Front 8

Outer layer of eye ball is ________ connective tissued

Back 8

dense
1.sclera
2.cornea

Front 9

The Sclera ______ the eyeball

Back 9

protects (dense white conn. tissue)

Front 10

The cornea is a continuation of the _________. Protects the ____ and is avascular therefore it can be transplanted and not ___________.

Back 10

sclera
lens
rejected

Front 11

Middle of eye is ______ conn. tissue and is both _________ and _____ layer (there are 3)

Back 11

loose
vascular
muscular
1. choroid
2.ciliary body
3. iris

Front 12

Choroid is __________ conn. tissue and contains _________- ____________ that supply oxygen and nutrients

Back 12

loose
blood vessels

Front 13

The ciliary body is the ____________ continuation of choroid and contains _________ muscle called ciliary muscle which controls the ________ of lens and is essential for __________

Back 13

anterior
smooth
shape
focus

Front 14

Iris gives the eye ______ and is composed of ___________ muscle which regulates the amount of ______ entering the eye and changes the ______ of pupil

Back 14

color
smooth
light
size

Front 15

The posterior cavity contains the _______ cavity which fills most of eye is not replaced and helps keep the _______ in place.

Back 15

vitreous
retina

Front 16

This is the neural portion of eye and contains both _________________ (name both)associated with CN ___

Back 16

photo receptors:
-rods-nightvision, black adnd white vision, peripheral vision
-cones-bright light,daylightvision, color vision, central vision

II

Front 17

Olfaction more important than vision?

Back 17

NO, therefore many inactive olfactory nerves in humans unlike animals

Front 18

Visual Pathway?

Back 18

ifo travels to optic nerves- via optic chaiasm- to opti tract- via thalamus-to visual cortex in occipital lobe

Front 19

Eye muscles are ________ muscle

Back 19

Skeletal

Front 20

6 eye muscles

Back 20

(III)Inferior rectus-eye look down
(III)medial rectus-eye looks medially
(III)superior rectus-eye looks up
(VI)lateral rectus-eye looks laterally
(III)inferior oblique-eye looks up and alterally(rolling of eyes)
(IV)superior oblique (rolling of eyes looks down and laterally

Front 21

The ________of the auricle helps us hear human voices

Back 21

shape

Front 22

sounds waves travel along ________ _____ _________

Back 22

external ear canal

Front 23

Where do sound waves arrive?

Back 23

tympanic membrane (it vibrates)

Front 24

When tympanic membrane vibrates the _______ (little bones) in the _________ ear move

Back 24

ossicles
middle

Front 25

Hearing Process:

Back 25

sound wave travels through:
tympanic membrane to malleus to incus to stapes to the OVAL WINDOW

Front 26

What does the movement of stapes and oval window generate? and where?

Back 26

pressure waves
in the cochlea in inner ear

Front 27

The cochlea contains ________ circular chambers which creates _________ along the mebrane of a smaller __________ chamber which CONTAINS the ____________ for hearing

Back 27

3
vibrations
medium
receptors

Front 28

What is the floor of the middle chamber in hearing process called?

Back 28

basilar membrane

Front 29

what are embedded in the basilar membrane?

Back 29

hair cells (it moves when the B.M moves)

Front 30

The tops of hair cells are embedded in the ________ membrane which does NOT move and therefore _________ the haire cells

Back 30

tectorial
bends

Front 31

When hair cells are bent that opens _____ channels in hair cell membranes

Back 31

ion-they ush into hair cell membrane and ACTIVATES hair cells and stimulate CN VIII

Front 32

After hair cells are bent and ions rush in hearing info travels via?

Back 32

thalamus to auditory cortex in temporal lobe where it reaches CONSCIOUSNESS

Front 33

The middle ear is connected to the ________ by the ____________ tube

Back 33

nasopharynx
auditory

Front 34

The vestibular apparatus is also in the ____________ ear and connected to CN ____ and is associated with__________________ and _____________

Back 34

inner
VIII
equilibrium
balance

Front 35

The vetibular apparatus is composed of :

Back 35

semicircular canals
saccule and utricle

Front 36

The vestibular apparatus has ____________________ canals that contain ______ stimulated by head rotation

Back 36

semicircular
receptors

Front 37

Each semicircular canal contains a ________ which contains receptors (hair cells)

Back 37

cupula

Front 38

Does the fluid in semicircular canals automatically rotate with the bone?

Back 38

NO-this causes cupula to bend

Front 39

What are the hair cells stimulated by that are located in the saccule and utricle?

Back 39

by gravity

Front 40

hair cells are embedded in gel like material containing calcium carbonate crystals called?

Back 40

otolith

Front 41

The otolith moves when body moves due to _________ and ____________

Back 41

acceleration
decceleration

bends hair cells-open ion channels and activates hair cells which stimulates CN VIII (maintain balance)