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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three meninges of the brain? |
Duramater, Arachnoidmembrane, Pia mater |
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Where is the cerebrospinal fluid secreted? |
Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted into the ventriclesand flows throughout the subarachnoid space,where it cushions the central nervous system. |
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What is the cerebrum? |
The largest division of the brain. It isdivided into two hemispheres, each of which isdivided into four lobes. |
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What is the cerebral cortex? |
The outermost layer of graymatter making up the superficial aspect of thecerebrum. |
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Gray vs white matter? |
• Gray matter – Unmyelinated nerve cell bodies • Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS are nuclei – Dendrites – Axon terminals • White matter – Myelinated axons • Axon bundles connecting CNS regions are tracts – Contains very few cell bodies |
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What are the four lobes of the brain? |
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal |
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Frontal lobe's role? |
• It plays an integral role in the following functions/actions: - Memory Formation - Emotions - Decision Making/Reasoning - Personality |
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What are the cortical regions of the frontal lobe? |
• Primary Motor Cortex – Cortical site involved with controllingmovements of the body. • Broca’s Area – Controls facial neurons, speech, and languagecomprehension. Located on Left Frontal Lobe. • Olfactory Bulb ‐ Cranial Nerve I, Responsible for sensation of Smell |
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Parietal lobe's role? |
• It plays a major role in the following functions/actions: - Senses and integrates sensation(s) - Spatial awareness and perception(Proprioception - Awareness ofbody/ body parts in space andin relation to each other) |
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What are the cortical regions of the parietal lobe? |
• Primary Somatosensory Cortex – Site involvedwith processing of tactile and proprioceptiveinformation. • Somatosensory Association Cortex - Assistswith the integration and interpretation ofsensations relative to body position and orientationin space. May assist with visuo-motor coordination. • Primary Gustatory Cortex – Primary siteinvolved with the interpretation of the sensation ofTaste. |
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Occipital lobe's function? |
• Its primary function is theprocessing, integration,interpretation, etc. of VISIONand visual stimuli. |
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Cortical regions of the occipital lobe? |
• Primary Visual Cortex – This is the primaryarea of the brain responsible for sight ‐recognition of size, color, light, motion,dimensions, etc. • Visual Association Area – Interpretsinformation acquired through the primary visualcortex. |
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Function of temporal lobe? |
• They play an integral rolein the following functions: ‐ Hearing ‐ Organization/Comprehensionof language ‐ Information Retrieval (Memory and MemoryFormation) |
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Cortical regions of temporal lobe? |
• Primary Auditory Cortex – Responsible for hearing • Primary Olfactory Cortex – Interprets the sense ofsmell once it reaches the cortex via the olfactorybulbs. • Wernicke’s Area – Language comprehension.Located on the Left Temporal Lobe. |
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What does the thalamus, cerebellum and brainstem do? |
THALAMUS : Relaysmessages CEREBELLUM : Coordinationand balance BRAINSTEM : Heartrate and breathing |
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The Limbic System What parts deal with basic drives, memory, and emotions? |
Hypothalamus, pituitary,amygdala, and hippocampus |
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What does the hippocampus do? |
Memoryprocessing |
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Hypothalamus? |
Hunger, thirst,body temperature, pleasure;regulates pituitary gland(hormones) |
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Amygdala? |
– two almond‐shapedneural clusters that arecomponents of the limbicsystem and are linkedaggression (fight) and fear(flight) |
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THE AUTONOMIC DIVISION Parasympathetic vs Sympathetic? |
Rest-and-digest:Parasympatheticactivity dominates. Fight-or-flight:Sympathetic activitydominates. |
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AUTONOMIC CONTROL CENTERS? |
Temperature control, Water balance, Eatingbehavior,Urinary bladdercontrol, Secondaryrespiratory center, Blood pressurecontrol, Respiratory center |
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Antagonistic Control of theAutonomic Division? |
– One autonomic branch is excitatory, and the otherbranch is inhibitory – Example: • Effector organ: heart • Sympathetic response increases heart rate • Parasympathetic response slows rate |
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Techniques to examine functions ofthe brain? |
1. Remove part ofthe brain & see whateffect it has onbehavior 2. Examine humanswho have sufferedbrain damage 3. Stimulate thebrain 4. Record brainactivity |
