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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the major DSM 5 change to substance disorders?
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no longer a distinction between dependence and abuse. (since both are commonly seen together)
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What is the difference between substance use disorders and substance induced disorders?
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Substance induced disorders are more temporary and reversible, while substance use disorders are more chronic
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What is a psychoactive substance?
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Substance injected, inhaled, etc into body that produces changes in thinking, feeling, behaving and physiological symptoms.
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True or false: Caffeine is only a substance use disorder.
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FALSE. Caffeine is only a substance INDUCED disorder
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What is the DSM 5 criteria for a substance use disorder?
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Behavioural, physiological symptoms
from pathological persistent substance use: - impaired control -risky use - social impairment - pharmalogical |
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What are the 4 criteria for impaired control?
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1. need more and more
2. try to stop but can't 3. use tons of time to get substance 4. crave, esp. when available |
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What the 3 criteria for social impairment
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5. failure to fulfill obligation
6. use anyway despite obvious impairment 7. give up important activities * think of video about dad |
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What are 2 criteria for risky use?
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8. use substance in harmful circumstances
9. know harm, but still use |
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What are tolerance & withdrawal?
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Tolerance: need more for same effect
Withdrawal: physiological symptoms if don't have substance |
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What are the criteria for substance induced disorders?
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Intoxication - impairment
Withdrawal symptoms not better explained by other substance abuse or mental disorders |
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True or false: there is no genetic link for substance disorders
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False, high genetic link esp for males
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What do depressants do in general?
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Suppress CNS activity,
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What is the most common depressant?
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Alcohol
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How does alcohol affect the body?
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affects many parts of body - goes in bloodstream
affects lots of neurotransmitters (GABA (no more bad feelings), glutamata (memory loss), serotonin (cravings) and dopamine (reward system) bad withdrawal symptoms, can go into withdrawal delirum |
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What do sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic substances do? Examples?
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lessen anxiety, make you sleepy
Barbs used for sleeping pills until realized very addictive Benzodiazepens are anxiety meds |
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What is severe effect of sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytics drugs?
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Can stop breathing if relax respiratory muscles too much
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What are stimulants?
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Arouse body, most common substance used
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What do amphetamines do?
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stimulant
high and crash low appetite for dieting noepineprine/dopamine |
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What does cocaine do?
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keeps dopamine around
Coca plant similar to amphetamines |
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What does nicotine do?
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withdrawal symptoms - depressed, irritable, anxious, restless, weight gain
can reinforce alcohol abuse when paired with it lungs & blood stream |
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True or false: Caffeine is the most common substance induced order.
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True.
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What do opiods do?
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Relieve pain, induce sleep
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The most common opiod is heroin.
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True.
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What is the agonist for heroin?
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Methadone
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What do hallucinogens do?
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Altered perception of reality, relaxed stupor
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What is "Reverse tolerance"?
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Marijuana
more they use, more pleasure they get |
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What are inhalants?
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through air
markers, nail polish, cleaners, nitrous oxide |
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What are steroids?
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testosterone
build up body size/performance |
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What are designer drugs?
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specialized drugs
high dependence/tolerance popular |
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What is alcohol dehydrogenaze?
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Breaks down alcohol
Asians don't have this, get red faces! |
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What does dopamine do?
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Increases feelings of pleasure
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What does GABA do?
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Stop negative feelings
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What is positive reinforcement?
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Substance gives pleasurable experience, even without social
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What is negative reinforcement?
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Substance stops negative feelings
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What is the opponent process cycle?
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Even though can have adverse affects when "crash", strengthened by promise of future "good" - good/bad/good cycle
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True or false: If you expect more from a drug, you will receive more positive effects.
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True, this is the expectancy effect
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What is the conditioning effect?
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Pair one stimulus with idea that substance coming soon after (e.g. nervous? heart rate? drink?)
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Compare moral to disease model?
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Substance abuse is moral weakness (shame) or a disease that one does not control
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True or false: If a child has a parent who abused a substance, they are more likely to abuse it to.
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True
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What is motivational interviewing?
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To prepare client for change
look at short-long term reasons to change or to stay the same |
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What does agonist substitution do?
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Mimics drug but less harmful version (methadone/heroin)
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What does antagonist substitution do?
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Stop pleasurable effects of drugs (naltroxene/alcohol)
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What does averse treatment do?
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Antabuse - makes people vomit when drink
pairs very negative event with substance |
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True or false: Inpatient care is the best care and worth the high price.
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False. similar results to outpatient care
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True or false: Individual counselling is best for addictions.
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False. Group therapy is more encouraging
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T or F: AA takes a moral model.
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False, AA takes a disease model and hands over control to God
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What is contingency treatment?
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If person meets goal, rewarded
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What is InSite?
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gives out clean needles and tools to do drugs safely
referrals to other social/health services reduced needle sharing less fatal overdoeses nearby doesn't increase drug use |
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What is gambling disorder?
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4 or more symptoms for 12 months
- more money - irritable if can't - can't stop - preoccupied with - relies on other people - gamble if bad day - lies - jeopardized relationships |
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True or false: Men get addicted faster to gambling.
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False. Women do
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True or false: It is common to have a substance abuse disorder with gambling disorder.
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True. it is also common to have a mood disorder with gambling disorder
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What is "controlled drinking"?
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Teaching person how to limit drinking to reasonable amount
not complete abstinence |
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True or false: Arsonists are pyromaniacs.
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False. Arsonists have other motives for setting fires (money or revenge)
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What is kleptomania?
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Anxiety and tension until steal and then tension relieved. Compulsive need to steal
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